Canola, Brassica

A single gene transformation crtB from Erwinia) was sufficient to increase carotenoid levels some 50-fold in seeds of canola (Brassica napus), which already contains low levels of carotenoids (Shewmaker et ah, 1999). This is the most spectacular increase in carotenoid levels of any plant to date. 

Friesen, L.F., Nelson, A.G. and Van Acker, R.C. (2003). Evidence of contamination of pedigreed canola (Brassica napus) seedlots in western Canada with genetically engineered herbicide resistance traits . Agron J, 95, 1342-1347. 

Legere, A. (2005). Risks and consequences of gene flow from herbicide-resistant crops canola (Brassica napus L) as a case study , Pest Manag Sci., 61, 292-300. 

Simard, M.J., Legere, A., Pageau, D., Lajeunesse, J. and Warwick, S. (2002). The frequency and persistence of volunteer canola (Brassica napus) in Quebec cropping systems, Weed Technol., 16, 433-439. 

Vaughn, K.C. (1986). Characterization of triazine-resistant and susceptible isolines of canola (Brassica napus L.). Plant Physiol., 82 859-863. 

WRIGHT, G. A., SKINNER, B. D., SMITH, B. H., Ability of honeybee, Apis mellifera, to detect and discriminate odors of varieties of canola (Brassica rapa and Brassica napus) and snapdragon flowers (Antirrhinum majus)., J. Chem. Ecol., 2002,28, 721-740. 

Wang, Y., Nowak, G., Gulley, D., Hadwiger, L.A. and Fristensky B. (1999) Constitutive expression of pea defense gene DRR206 confers resistance to blackleg Leptosphaeria maculans) disease in transgenic canola (Brassica napus). Mol. Plant Microbe Interact., 12, 410-8. 

Fluorobenzoates have been used as tracers for the movement of water in soil and groundwater so that their potential toxicity to plants is important. A study using 11 crop species and pentafluorobenzoate and 2,6-difluoro- and 3,4-difluorobenzoate showed the generally low toxicity of these compounds (Bowman et al. 1997). More extensive studies were carried out with alfalfa (Medico sativa), barley (Hordeum vulgare), and canola (Brassica napus) ... 

Sebedio, J.-L. and Ackman, R.G. (1981) Fatty acids of canola Brassica campestris var. Candle seed and oils at various stages of refining. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 58, 972—976. 

Wang, Z. 2007. Marker development and gene identification for blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) disease resistance in canola (Brassica napus). Ph.D thesis. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 

Gulden, R.H., Shirtliffe, S.J., and Thomas, A.G. 2003a. Harvest losses of canola (Brassica napus) cause large seedbank inputs. Weed Sci. 51(1) 83-86. 

ELISA Systems Mustard Seed Protein Residue kit was released in June 2007. A polyclonal rabbit antiserum was raised and used to develop a quantitative sandwich ELISA that has been demonstrated to detect mustard seed protein from aU three species of mustard plants S. alba, B. nigra, and B. juncea [5]. The detection limit of the kit has been shown to be less than 0.5 ppm (mg/kg) of soluble mustard protein, which corresponds to mustard seed concentrations below 3.4ppm S. alba, below 4.9 ppm B. nigra, and below 5.5 ppm B. juncea. An example of a calibration curve is presented in Figure 23.1. Cross-reactivity studies were conducted on full-strength extracts from 50 plants and other common foods, and cross-reactivity was observed only with rapeseed (Canola), Brassica napus. This cross-reactivity was approximately 50%, but purified canola oil did not cross react. 

The study of 25 canola Brassica napus x Brassica campestris) varieties carried out by Kevan et al. (1991) demonstrated that 23 of them had 0.95 or more glucose fructose rates in their nectar. The same authors reported too that only three varieties had glucose in smaller quantities and none of the samples had detectable quantities of sucrose. Davis et al. (1998) reported higher glucose/fructose rate in lateral chambers than median in Brassicaceae. 

Latif, S., Diosady, L.L. and Anwar, F. (2008) Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of oil and protein from canola (Brassica napus L.) seeds. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 110(10), 887-892. Proctor, R. (1997) Soybean oil extraction and processing, in Soybeans Chemistry, Technology and Utilization (ed. K. Li), Chapman HaU, New York, pp. 297-346. 

Gunasekera, C.P., Martin, L.D., Siddique, K.H.M. and Walton G.H. 2006. Genotype by environment interactions of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.) in Mediterranean-type enviroiunents n. Oil and protein concentrations in seed. Eur. J.Agmn. 25 13-21. 

Hu, X.Y., Sullivan-Gilbert, M., Gupta, M. and Thompson, S.A. 2006. Mapping of the loci controlling oleic and linolenic acid contents and development of fad2 and fad3 allele-specific markers in canola (Brassica napus L.). Theor. Appl. Genet. 113 497-507. 

Latif S, Diosady LL, Anwar F. 2008. Enzyme-Assisted Aqueous Extraction of Oil and Protein from Canola (Brassica Napus L.) Seeds. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 110 887-892. 

Jhala, A.J., Raatz, L., Dexter, J.E., Hall, L.M., 2010. Adventitious presence volunteer flax (Unum usitatissimum L.) in herbicide resistant canola (Brassica napus L.). Weed Technol. 24,244-252. 

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