Mustard seeds

Mustard gas. See also Mustard oil Mustard oils Mustard seed... 

Mustard is marketed in three forms, ie, as a seed as a prepared blend of ground mustard seed, vinegar, salt, sugar, and other spices and as powdered dry mustard, also known as ground mustard or mustard flour. The seeds of the white or yellow mustard add pungency to any preparation, and that of the black mustard is required for aroma. Mustard is the largest volume spice imported into the United States and its use covers almost every flavor category except dessert items. 

Sinapine, CjgHjjOgN, was isolated as a thiocyanate from black mustard seeds (Brassica nigra) by Henry and Garot." Will and Laubenheimer first noted that sinapine occurs in white mustard seed in the form of the alkaloidal glucoside sinalbine, CajH jOuNgSg, which, on hydrolysis by the enzyme myrosin, also present in the seed, furnished dextrose, p-hydroxybenzylthiocarbimide and sinapine sulphate. Owing to its instability sinapine is unknown in the free state. The thiocyanate can be recrystallised from water and converted into the acid sulphate by treatment with sulphuric acid. 

Parasorbic acid (Figure 2) was isolated from fruits of Sorbus aucuparia. Germination of mustard seed Sinapis alba) was affected adversely by parasorbic acid at 3.5 X 10-3 M and growth of excised tomato roots was inhibited at approximately 8.5 X 10 4 M (25). The acid also antagonized indoleacetic acid (IAA) in the Avena assay. Cornman 29,30) reported that parasorbic acid slowed down mitosis. Metaphase stages were observed to accumulate, but abnormalities were not detected. 

Cotton seed, palm kernels, peanut, rapeseed, soya bean, sunflower, hemp seed, gold of pleasure, linseed, mustard seed, pumpkin seed, safflower, soya beans... 

In order to avoid the problems of weak signals from typical solid samples, all NMR/MRI signals from granular particles to date have been obtained with solid particles containing liquids. The majority of experiments have been done either with seeds that naturally contain oils, predominantly mustard seeds, or pharmaceutical pills that contain liquid cores. In some cases, however, solid beads were impregnated with liquid to make them NMR-visible. In one case, it was oil-soaked sugar particles [12], while in another, acetone was imbibed into catalytic materials... 

In a recent study, Huan et al. [25] performed NM R experiments in vibrofluidized beds of mustard seeds in which the small sample volume allowed pulses short enough that displacements in the ballistic phase were distinguishable from those in the diffusion phase. In this case, the average collision frequency is measured directly, bypassing the uncertainty of the multiplicative factor mentioned above. These workers also measured the height dependence of the granular temperature profile. 

Huan et al. [41] measured the behavior of a small fluidized bed consisting of 45-80 mustard seeds in a small-bore vertical magnet. The small sample size allowed short pulses, and spatial distribution of collision correlation times and granular temperature were measured directly and compared with the hydrodynamic theory of Garzo and Dufty [42], This paper [41] contains an excellent survey of previous experiments on fluidized beds. 

Seed germination. Germination of wild mustard seeds with a dormancy level of about 50 percent was stimulated after 10 days to... 

TABLE I. Effect of Ferullc (FA) and Benzoic (BA) Acids on the Germination of Wild Mustard Seeds... 

If for a given material, Vmf > 50 mm s1 (i.e., above the boundary shown in Fig. 5) andX< 0.001 m3 s kg-1 (i.e., below the boundary shown in Fig. 6), then dense-phase low-velocity slug-flow (Wypych, 1995a) is possible (e.g., mustard seed, polyethylene powder, 1000 pm sand, polyethylene pellets and granulated sugar). Note that dilute-phase also is possible. 

Mustard gas, 5 815, 816-818 decontamination, 5 837 physical properties, 5 817t Mustard seed, 23 168-169 Mutagenesis... 

Basu and Nath (59), studied calcium absorption in young men eating diets varied in levels of calcium. Diets were either nearly fat-free or contained fat supplied primarily by butterfat, sesame oil, peanut oil, coconut oil or mustard seed oil. Feeding of all test fats except coconut oil resulted in a slight decrease in fecal calcium, thus, an assumed increase in calcium bioavailability. However, feeding of coconut oil (a highly saturated fat) resulted in increased fecal and urinary losses of calcium. 

Erlenmeyer synthesis org chem Preparation of cyclic ethers by the condensation of an aldehyde with an a-acylamino acid in the presence of acetic anhydride and sodium acetate. 3r-l3n,mT-3r sin-th3-s3s erucic acid org chem C22H42O2 A monoethenoid acid that is the cis isomer of bras-sidic acid and makes up 40 to 50% of the total fatty acid in rapeseed, wallflower seed, and mustard seed crystallizes as needles from alcohol solution, insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol and methanol. o rus ik as ad erythrite See erythritol. er o.thrTt ... 

Brassica alba (L.) Rabenh. B. juncea (L.) Czem. et Coss. Bai Jie Zi (Indian mustard) (seed, young shoot) Sinigrin, myrocin, sinapic acid, sinapine, potassium myronate, mustard oil, allyl isothiocyanate, behenic acid, erucic acid, benzyl isothiocyanate, eicosenic acid.48-50 Relieve bladder inflammation, hemorrhage, abscesses, lumbago, rheumatism, stomach disorders. 

Teel Oil, or Oil of Sesamum.—The plant yielding this oil, the sesamum orientals, is extensively cultivated throughout India for the sake of the fine oil expressed from its seeds. The latter are imported from Calcutta under the name of teel seeds. They are about the size of white mustard seeds. Three varieties are known— namely, the white, the particolored, and the block. It is principally from the latter that the eesumum oil of commerce is obtained. The seed contains about forty-five per cent, of oil. This has been already mentioned as an adulterant of almond oil, and, according to Pereira, may be used as a substitute for the latter. 

Fatty Acid Arachis Cottonseed Rendered Pork Fat Maize Mustard Seed Edible Tallow Safflower Seed Sesame Seed Sunflower Soybean Seed ... 

In a frying pan, heat the oil over medium-high heat. Add the mustard seeds and cover. When the seeds pop, toss in the dried red chilies and fry for a few seconds then, if using, add the fresh curry leaves (watch for sputtering) and fry briefly until they finish crackling. Add the mixture to the squash and stir to combine. 

---