Gene flow

The third paper in this set Zavarin and Snajberk (1976) described their efforts to detect chemical races within big cone Douglas fir. Analysis of the cortical monoterpenoid fraction of 33 trees revealed that the major component was a-pinene, with P-pinene, 3-carene, and limonene present in lesser amounts. The monoterpene profiles of different populations varied somewhat from each other, but the overall profile of big cone Douglas fir was clearly different from that of Douglas fir. There was no evidence for gene flow between the southernmost population of Douglas fir at Lompoc and the closest population of big cone Douglas fir at Figueroa, sites separated by only 34 km. 

Syvanen, M. (1994), Horizontal gene flow evidence and possible consequences , Ann. Rev. Genet., 28, 237-261. 

Ellstrand, N.C, Prentice, H.C. and Hancock, J.F. (1999). Gene flow and introgression from the domesticated plants into their wild relatives , Annu Rev Ecol Syst, 30, 539-563. 

Legere, A. (2005). Risks and consequences of gene flow from herbicide-resistant crops canola (Brassica napus L) as a case study , Pest Manag Sci., 61, 292-300. 

Watrud, L.S., Lee, E.H., Fairbrother, A., Burdick, C., Reichman, J.R., Bollman, M., Storm, M., King, G. and Van de Water, RK. (2004). Evidence for landscape-level, pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified creeping bentgrass with CP4 EPSPS as a marker , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 101, 14533-14538. 

Factual knowledge is the knowledge of what actually happens (quantitative data or empirical, observed data). Examples gene flow species by species or region by region facts about insect resistance in agriculture. 

Explanatory knowledge is information that explains why things are so or why certain effects will happen. Here is where it is possible to determine the direction of the solution. Examples the way Bt proteins affect specific pest and beneficial insects what are the main reasons for unwelcome erosion effects mechanisms of vertical gene flow mechanisms of resistance development. 

Instrumental knowledge is information about how to steer certain processes, on how to achieve certain goals, i.e. knowledge that needs to be balanced against regulation and safety. Examples how to build Bt and other genes into crops and how to stabilize them how to avoid vertical gene flow how to avoid unwelcome soil erosion how to avoid early pest resistance. 

As populations amalgamate, opportunities for gene flow between the populations begin. This process of genetic admixture leads to considerations similar to those of population substructure. The difference is that with... 

Populations, gene flow between, 55-56 Population structure, 55-56 Positional cloning, 35, 36 Positive drug response, 262 Positive predictive value (PPV), 169-171 Postmarketing surveillance, 94—95, 324-325... 

Papa R, Gepts P (2003) Asymmetry of gene flow and differential geographical structure of molecular diversity in wild and domesticated common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Mesoamerica. Theor Appl Genet 106 239-250... 

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