Camphor cinnamate

Ethyl Cinnamate.—The cinnamic ester of ethyl alcohol is a natural constituent of a few essential oils, including camphor oil and storax. It is formed synthetically by condensing cinnamic acid and ethyl alcohol by dry hydrochloric acid gas. It has a soft and sweet odour, and is particularly suitable for blending in soap perfumes. It is an oil at ordinary temperatures, melting at 12°, and boiling at 271°. Its specific gravity is 1 0546, and its refractive index 1 5590. 

Essential oils are known to have detrimental effects on plants. The inhibitory components have not been identified, but both alde-hydic (benzol-, citrol-, cinnamal-aldehyde) and phenolic (thymol, carvacol, apiol, safrol) constituents are suspected. Muller et al. (104) demonstrated that volatile toxic materials localized in the leaves of Salvia leucophylla, Salvia apiana, and Arthemisia californica inhibited the root growth of cucumber and oat seedlings. They speculated that in the field, toxic substances from the leaves of these plants might be deposited in dew droplets on adjacent annual plants. In a subsequent paper, Muller and Muller (105) reported that the leaves of S. leucophylla contained several volatile terpenes, and growth inhibition was attributed to camphor and cineole. 

Workers also are affected by a variety of radiations, specifically UV. This radiation consists of UVA, UVB, and UVC, which induces certain skin lesions (Table 16-2). To protect the skin from the injuries from UVA and UVB radiation effects, certain drugs are suggested such as aminobenzoic acid, aminobenzoates, cinnamates, salicylates, and camphors for UVB protection, and benzophenones or dibenzoylmethanes for UVA protection. 

It has also been found that certain aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids esters form well defined products with nitric acid (Reddelien [5]). For example, bemzaldehyde with 60% nitric acid gives a colourless, unstable oil, and cinnamic aldehyde forms fairly stable white crystals, melting at 60-61°C, with 65% nitric acid. Acetophenone, benzophenone, fluorenone, phenanthrenoquinone and camphor give similar addition products. 

The boll weevil antifeedants, anthranilic acid, gentisic acid, senecioic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, trans-cinnamaldehyde and camphor have been Isolated from the Peruvian plant Alchornea triplinervia (Euphorbiaceae). Anthranilic acid and camphor also showed significant Inhibition of growth of the tobacco budworm. 

The results of the boll weevil antifeedant bioassays with anthrani-lic acid, gentisic acid, senecioic acid, cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid are presented in Table II. Camphor was not bio-assayed due to its extreme volatility. However camphor is a known moth repellent (8) and is probably a boll weevil antifeedant since the fraction from which it was isolated was active. 

UVB protection aminobenzoic acid and aminobenzoates (padimate-O), cinnamates, salicylates, camphors. 

Borneol crystals Bromstyrol Camphor Carene acetate Carene formate Cinnamic alcohol Cinnamic aldehyde Cinnamyl acetate Cinnamyl formate... 

Cinnamic esters or amides prepared from optically active alcohols (menthol, aryl ethanol) or amines are hydrogenated to products in only low optical yields (less than 40%). Camphor sultam is a much better rr-face discriminator and the hydrogenation of the trisubstituted olefinic bond of sultam-imides over Pd-on-carbon affords, after saponification, j3-substituted carboxylic acids in high e.e. (>95%) ... 

Beilstein Handbook Reference) AI3-00753 Benzo-a-pyrone BRN 0383644 Caswell No. 259C CCRIS 181 Cinnamic acid, o-hydroxy-, 8-lKtone ois-o-Coumaric acid anhydride Coumarin cis-o-Coumarinic acid lactone Coumarinic anhydride Coumarinic lactone Cumarin EINECS 202-086-7 EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 127301 HSDB 1623 o-Hydroxycinnamic lactone 0-Hydroxyzimtsaure-lacton Kumarin NCI C07103 NSC 8774 Rattex Tonka bean camphor. Used in pharmaceuticals as a flavorant. Crystals mpo 71" bp = 301.7 d O = 0.936 Xm = 273, 311 nm (e = 11200, 6710, MeOH) moderately soluble in H2O, EtOH, more soluble in EtzO, CHCI3, C5H5N. Alfa Aesar Rhodia Inc. Rhodia Organique Fine Ltd. 

Cinnamaldehyde (sin-uh-MAL-duh-hide) is also known as cinnamic aldehyde 3-phenyl-2-propenal cinnamyl aldehyde phenylalacrolein cinnamal and trans-cinnamaldehyde. It is a yellowish oily, liquid with a sweet taste and a cinnamish odor responsible for the characteristic taste and odor of cinnamon spice. It occurs naturally in the bark of the cinnamon tree, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, which is native to Sri Lanka and India, and has been cultivated in other parts of the world, such as Brazil, Jamaica, and Mauritius. Cinnamaldehyde is also found in other members of the the Cinnamomum species, including cassia and camphor. 

Cinnamic acid, 3-phenyl propyl ester. See 3-Phenylpropyl cinnamate Cinnamic alcohol. SeeCinnamyl alcohol, Cinnamic aldehyde. See Cinnamal Cinnamic aldehyde ethylene glycol acetal. See Cinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal Cinnamic chloride. See Cinnamoyl chloride Cinnamol. See Styrene Cinnamomum camphora. See Camphor Cinnamomum camphora oil. See Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) oii Cinnamomum cassia. See Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) extract Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) oii... 

Synonyms 1-Benzopyran-2-one 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one 2H-1-Benzopyran, 2-oxo- Benzopyrone 1,2-Benzopyrone Benzo-a-pyrone Chromen-2-one Cinnamic acid, o-hydroxy-, 5-lactone Coumaric acid cis-o-Coumaric acid lactone cis-o-Coumarinic acid lactone Coumarinic anhydride Cumarin o-Hydroxycinnamic acid lactone o-Hydroxycinnamic acid 5-lactone o-Hydroxycinnamic lactone 2-Oxo-1,2-benzopyran 2-Propenoic acid, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-lactone Tonka bean camphor... 

Classification Specially denatured alcohol Definition Ethyl alcohol denatured with one or more of anethol, anise oil, bay oil (myrica oil), benzaldehyde, bergamot oil, bitter almond oil, camphor, cedar leaf oil, chlorothymol, cinnamal, clove oil, coal tar, eucalyptol, menthol, etc. 

Acetone Ammonium hydroxide Anethole t-Butyl alcohol Camphor Chlorothymol Cinnamal Denatonium benzoate Denatonium saccharide Eucalyptol Eugenol Methyl alcohol Methyl salicylate Phenol Phenyl salicylate Quassin Sodium hydroxide Sodium lauryl sulfate Sucrose octaacetate a-Terpineol Thymol... 

UVB absorbers are chemicals that absorb in the 290-320 nm and include PABA and its derivatives, the salicylates, cinnamates, and camphor derivatives (i.e., octyldimethyl PABA, octyl salicylate, 2-ethoxyethyl-p-methoxy cinnamate). 

Isoamylmethoxy cinnamate (IMC) Ethylhexylmethoxy cinnamate (EHMC) Octocrylene (OCR) Polysilicone 15 (BMP) Benzophenone-3 (B-3) Benzophenone-4 (B-4) Phenyl benzimidazole sulfonic acid (PBSA) 4-Methyl benzyhdene camphor (MBC) Ethylhexyl triazone... 

The oil contains about 50 per cent, of methyl cinnamate, and 20 to 30 per cent, of eucalyptol. Camphor and d-pinene are also present. 

It contains 30 per cent, of d-camphor, 17 per cent, of d-camphene, cineol, an ester of cinnamic acid, a sesquiterpene, a high boiling phenol, and probably limonene. 

S cheUes cinnamon bark oil contains cinnamic aldehyde, eugenol, caryt hyllene, phellandrene, cymene, camphor, camphene, /8-pinene, f-limonene, benzaldehyde, linalol, and nonylic aldehyde ( ). 

On steam distillation, fresh rhizomes yield an essential oil (0.04%) with a peculiar strong and spicy odor. The oil contains methyl cinnamate, cineol, camphor, and probably r/-pipene, fenchyl acetate, (3-caryophyllene,... 

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