Calcium sulfate Chlorine

Ammonium chloride Ammonium persulfate Amylase Azodicarbonamide Calcium oxide Calcium sulfate Chlorine dioxide Nitrous oxide Papain Potassium bromate Urea... 

Another reducing agent relevant to chlorination reactions is sulfur dioxide. When the material to be chlorinated contains calcium oxide, it is advantageous to convert it to calcium sulfate rather than to calcium chloride. The advantages are less chlorine consumption and easy disposal of calcium sulfate (which is water-insoluble). The chlorination of scheelite is an important example of the use of the sulfur dioxide chlorine reagent ... 

Chlorine (BOC Gases, 99.5%) was dried with concentrated sulfuric acid and anhydrous calcium sulfate. Purging was done with 99.998% pure argon (BOC Gases). 

After the crude pulp is obtained from the alkaline sulfate process, it must be bleached in stages with elemental chlorine, extracted with sodium hydroxide, and oxidized with calcium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, and... 

Chlorine Residual Extraction. A 400-mL solution of distilled water containing 70 ppm of sodium bicarbonate, 120 ppm of calcium sulfate, and 47 ppm of calcium chloride was extracted under typical operational conditions. Similarly, a solution containing all of these materials plus a 2-ppm chlorine residual (prepared with NaOCl) was extracted. Analysis of the U-tube traps, feedstock, and raffinate solutions in each case (blank and chlorine residual samples) showed that no new chlorinated compounds were formed by the presence of a chlorine residual. 

PCA 16 is particularly effective for control of calcium sulfate deposition (and thus finds application, under different brand names and grades, as a calcium carbonate/sulfate scale inhibitor for RO systems treating brackish waters). This inhibitor is also useful for calcium phosphate control. It is stable against chlorine. 

NOTE All values are given as weight percent ( 95% confidence limit). Sulfate and chloride were analyzed by ion chromatography carbonate was analyzed by classical titration and calcium, magnesium, chlorine, aluminum, and sodium were analyzed by neutron activation analysis. 

The S3N2CI2 is prepared according to Part A. After the volatile impurities have been removed, dry air is allowed to enter the air condenser. The bottom of the condenser is then connected to a 150-ml. round-bottomed three-necked flask fitted with an inlet tube for chlorine and a vacuum connection (Fig. 6). The vacuum connection on top of the air condenser is replaced with a drying tube containing anhydrous calcium sulfate. The assembly is placed in a hood the inlet tube is connected to a chlorine cylinder, and a slow stream of chlorine is passed through the air condenser over the S3N2CI2. Soon after the start of the chlorine flow, the S3N2CI2 turns into a dark red-brown slurry, which falls... 

CALCIUM SULFATE (7778-18-9) Reacts violently with reducing agents, acrolein, alcohols, chlorine trifluoride, diazomethane, ethers, fluorine, hydrazine, hydrazinium perchlorate, hydrogen peroxide, finely divided aluminum or magnesium, peroxyfuroic acid, red phosphorus, sodium acetylide. Sensitizes most organic azides that are unstable shock- and heat-explosives. May form explosive materials with l,3-di(5-tetrazoyl)triazene. Incompatible with glycidol, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium borohydride. 

Ammonia, sodium, calcium sulfides and sulfates, chlorine, phenols, fluorine, water treatment chemicals, trace elements... 

Alumina Aluminum sulfate Ammonium fluoborate Bis (methyl) tetrabromophthalate Calcium metaborate Chlorinated alpha-olefin, liquid ... 

Barium metaborate Bis (P-chloroethyl) vinyl phosphonate Calcium sulfate dihydrate Chlorinated n-paraffins (C6-C18) Dibromostyrene Dimelamine phosphate Dimethyl hydrogen phosphite Ethylenebis dibromonorbornane dicarboximide Ethylene diamine phosphate Isobutylbis (hydroxypropyl) phosphine oxide Magnesium carbonate Magnesium hydroxide Melamine cyanurate... 

G58. Rogozovskaya, M.Z., N.K. Luk yanova, T.I. Konochuk, "The properties of the calcium sulfate sediment formed in brine treatment for the production of chlorine", Khim. prom., v9, 10, pp770-772 (1977)... 

Sodium chloride, gypsum, and potassinm salts are all important minerals that are recovered as evaporites remaining from the evaporation of seawater and from brines pumped from below the ground. Sodium chloride in the form of mineral halite is used as a raw material for the production of industrially important sodium, chlorine, and their compounds. It is used directly to melt ice on roads, in foods, and in other applications. Potassium salts are, of course, essential ingredients of fertilizers and have some industrial applications as well. Gypsum, hydrated calcium sulfate, is used to make plaster and wallboard and is an ingredient in the manufacture of portland cement. 

Brine, containing chlorine Cadmium chloride Cadmium cyanide Cadmium sulfate Calcium acetate Calcium bromide Calcium carbonate Calcium chlorate Calcium chloride Calcium fluoride Calcium hydroxide Calcium nitrate Calcium sulfate (gypsum) Calcium sulfide Calcium sulfite Calcium wolframate Carbon dioxide Casein... 

Opa.nte. There are two methods used at various plants in Russia for loparite concentrate processing (12). The chlorination technique is carried out using gaseous chlorine at 800°C in the presence of carbon. The volatile chlorides are then separated from the calcium—sodium—rare-earth fused chloride, and the resultant cake dissolved in water. Alternatively, sulfuric acid digestion may be carried out using 85% sulfuric acid at 150—200°C in the presence of ammonium sulfate. The ensuing product is leached with water, while the double sulfates of the rare earths remain in the residue. The titanium, tantalum, and niobium sulfates transfer into the solution. The residue is converted to rare-earth carbonate, and then dissolved into nitric acid. 

---