Zinc Ammonium Chloride

Chemical Designation - Synonyms Ammonium pentachlorozincate Ammonium zinc chloride Chemical Formula ZnCyNUjCl. 

Ammonium Oxalate Ammonium Oxalate Hydrate Ammonium Pentaborate Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate Ammonium Pentachlorozincate Ammonium Perchlorate Ammonium Peroxydisulfate Ammonium Persulfate Ammonium Phosphate Ammonium Phosphate, Dibasic Ammonium Rhodanate Ammonium Rhodanide Ammonium Silicofluoride Ammonium Stearate Ammonium Sulfamate Ammonium Sulfate Ammonium Sulfhydrate Solution Ammonium Sulfide Ammonium Sulfide Solution Ammonium Sulfite Ammonium Sulfocyanate Ammonium Sulfocyanide Ammonium Tartrate Ammonium Thiocyanate Ammonium Thiosulfate Ammonium Zinc Chloride Amorphous Phosphorus AMS... 

Zinc Ammonium Chloride Ammonium Pentachloro- Zincate Ammonium Zinc Chloride ... 

Ammonium zinc chloride. See Zinc ammonium chloride... 

Zinc acid phosphate. See Zinc phosphate Zinc ammonium chloride CAS 52628-25-8 EINECS/ELINCS 238-687-6 Synonyms Ammonium zinc chloride... 

Dinitrotoluene is oxidized to 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid [610-30-0] by potassium permanganate or chromic acid, and is reduced to 2,4-diaminotoluene by iron and acetic acid. It is reduced partially by zinc chloride and hydrochloric acid to 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene [99-55-8] and by ammonium sulfide to 4-amino-2-nitrotoluene [119-32-4],... 

Includes zinc chloride in zinc ammonium chloride and chromated zinc chloride. 

Heated zirconium is readily chlorinated by ammonium chloride, molten stannous chloride, zinc chloride, and chlorinated hydrocarbons and the common chlorinating agents. It is slowly attacked by molten magnesium chloride in the absence of free magnesium, which is always present in the KroU process. 

Zinc chloride is a Lewis acid catalyst that promotes cellulose esterification. However, because of the large quantities required, this type of catalyst would be uneconomical for commercial use. Other compounds such as titanium alkoxides, eg, tetrabutoxytitanium (80), sulfate salts containing cadmium, aluminum, and ammonium ions (81), sulfamic acid, and ammonium sulfate (82) have been reported as catalysts for cellulose acetate production. In general, they require reaction temperatures above 50°C for complete esterification. Relatively small amounts (<0.5%) of sulfuric acid combined with phosphoric acid (83), sulfonic acids, eg, methanesulfonic, or alkyl phosphites (84) have been reported as good acetylation catalysts, especially at reaction temperatures above 90°C. 

Chlor-. of or combined with chlorine, chloro (as Chlorbenzoeadure, chlorobenzoic acid), chloride of (as Chlorzink, zinc chloride), chlorahnlich, a. like chlorine, chlorinous. Chlor-alaun, m. chloralum, -alkalien, n.pl. alkali-metal chlorides, -allyl, n, allyl chloride, -aluminium, n. aluminum chloride, -ammon, m., -ammonium, n. ammonium chloride, -amyl, n, amyl chloride, -antimon, n, antimony chloride, -arsenlk, n. chloride of arsenic, -arsenikldsung, /, (Pkarm.) solution of arsenious add, hydrochloric solution of arsenic, -arsinkampfstoff, m. chlorodi-phenylarsine, adamsite, chlorartig, a. like chlorine, chlorinous,... 

The role of the other components in the cell is not completely understood. Some of these components (such as NH4C1, ammonium chloride, and ZnCl2, zinc chloride, in the center paste) are involved in other reactions that come into play at larger current drain. 

Alkaline batteries were introduced in the early 1960s they last two to five times longer than Zn-carbon cells on continuous discharge and command two or three times the price in the USA (far more in Europe and the East). Alkaline cells became a necessary invention and they succeeded as a result of the requirements of the electronic devices. The essential improvement was the change from ammonium chloride and/or zinc chloride electrolyte to alkaline (KOH) electrolyte, the steel can construction, the outside cathode, and the zinc powder (large surface) anode. A main low-cost feature is that they use pressed cathodes and do not need to follow "jellyroll"... 

Sodium aluminium sulphate Sodium bisulphate Sodium hypochlorite Sodium perchlorate Sodium thiocyanate Stannic ammonium chloride Stannic chloride Stannous chloride Uranyl nitrate Zinc chloride Zinc fluorosilicate... 

Lewis acid catalyst is normally required when ammonium polyhalides are used, although recourse does not have to be made to strong acids, such as aluminium trichloride. Bromination and iodination reactions are normally conducted in acetic acid in the presence of zinc chloride [32], but chlorination using the ammonium tetrachloroiodate in acetic acid does not require the additional presence of a Lewis acid [33]. Radical chlorination of toluenes by benzyltrimethylammonium tetrachloroiodate in the presence of AIBN gives mixtures of the mono-and dichloromethylbenzenes [34], Photo-catalysed side-chain chlorination is less successful [35], Radical bromination using the tribromide with AIBN or benzoyl peroxide has also been reported [36, 37],... 

A dry cell contains a zinc anode and an inert graphite cathode, as shown in Figure 11.7. The electrolyte is a moist paste of manganese(IV) oxide, Mn02, zinc chloride, ZnGh, ammonium chloride, NH4CI, and carbon black, C(s), also known as soot. 

Billions of alkaline batteries, each containing a single alkaline cell, are made every year. The ammonium chloride and zinc chloride used in a dry cell are replaced by strongly alkaline (basic) potassium hydroxide, KOH. 

Dry cells have been well-known for over 100 years and form the technical basis of today s modern dry cell industry. Zinc carbon cells are the most widely used of all the primary batteries worldwide because of their low cost, availability, and acceptability in various situations. The two major separator types ever used or in use are gelled paste and paper coated with cereal or other gelling agents such as methyl-cellulose. The paste type is dispensed into the zinc can, and the preformed bobbin is inserted, pushing the paste up the can walls between the zinc and the bobbin. A typical paste electrolyte uses zinc chloride, ammonium chloride, water, and starch or flour as the gelling agents. The coated-paper type uses a special paper coated with flour, starch, regenerated cellulose. 

Wright found it more suitable to use the nitrate salts of the more basic amines, like in the case of morpholine, which ignites at ambient temperature in the presence of nitric acid-acetic anhydride mixtures. Morpholine nitrate is not nitrated with acetic anhydride-nitric acid in the absence of chloride ion at room temperature, but the addition of 4 mole % of zinc chloride generates a 65 % yield of A-nitromorpholine, and this yield rises to 93 % if the hydrochloride salt of morpholine is directly nitrated. While morpholine nitrate is unaffected by treatment with acetic anhydride-nitric acid at room temperature, the same reaction in the presence of ammonium nitrate at 65 °C is reported to yield A-nitromorpholine in 48 % yield. ... 

Weir DC, Robertson AS, Jones S, Burge PS Occupational asthma due to soft corrosive soldering fluxes containing zinc chloride and ammonium chloride. Ti or x44 220-223, 1989... 

Most linear celluloses may be dissolved in solvents capable of breaking the strong hydrogen bonds. These solutions include aqueous solutions of inorganic acids, calcium thiocyanate, zinc chloride, lithium chloride, ammonium hydroxide, iron sodium tartrate, and cadmium or copper ammonium hydroxide (Schweitzer s reagent). The product precipitated by the addition of a nonsolvent to these solutions is a highly amorphous, regenerated cellulose. 

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