Blood serum cholesterol and

In the studies discussed, wheat bran, cellulose, and psyllium fiber feeding resulted in increased fecal fat losses and in lowered blood serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels (14,15,32,41) as well as increased fecal losses of calcium. Possible involvement of dietary fat with high or low dietary fiber intake has not been extensively investigated. However, that calcium is involved in intestinal fat absorption is generally accepted (42-45). 

Fat comes in three forms—saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated. Eating saturated fats tends to increase the level of blood serum cholesterol, and the higher the cholesterol level, the greater the risk of heart attack. On the other hand, studies have shown that substituting mono- and polyunsaturated fats can reduce your cholesterol level. 

The purpose of the second study was to determine the effect of changes in kind and amount of dietary fat, with or without manganese supplementation, on blood serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and on manganese status of human adults. The project was comprised of a 5-day pre-period and four, 14-day experimental periods. 

Ss obiously decreases blood-lipid. Kitagawa et al gave 80 patients with hypertension and hyperlipemia 100 mg ss per day for 4, 8, 12 weeks to find that their blood serum lipid was improved greatly. It also decreased Dm rats,total cholesterol content.(7) Gao Guiqing et al added ss into high-lipid for age to feed rabbits in order to prevent their blood serum cholesterol and triglyceride from increasing.(8)... 

Fiber derived from psyllium seed has a long history of use as a pharmaceutical to produce laxatlon. It s high bulking properties are due to its high content of hemlcellulose. When incorporated into food products and fed to humans, it produces the desirable effects of increased stool bulk, decreased fecal transit time, and decreased blood serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. However, concurrently psyllium fiber supplementation results in some depression in aljsorption of selected minerals, fat and protein. This was also true of some but not all of the other fiber sources tested. 

Cholesterol is present in all animal cells but is mainly concentrated in the brain and spinal cord. It is also the chief constituent of gallstones. The total amount of cholesterol present in an average human is about half a pound There appears to be some connection between the concentration of blood serum cholesterol and coronary heart disease. Levels below 200 mg/dL seem desirable, whereas levels above 280 mg/dL may constitute a high risk. 

An adequate daily dietary dose of chromium is considered to be 50-200 p,g. The actual dose of chromium found in several studies is in the range of 25 to 100 xg. In chromium deficiency, the following symptoms have been identified impaired glucose tolerance, persistently elevated blood glucose level, elevated blood serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels and the presence of carbohydrates in urine. There is thus a link between chromium deficiency and the development of diabetes and cardiovascular... 

We hear a lot these days about the relationships between saturated fats, cholesterol, and heart disease. What are the facts It s well established that a diet rich in saturated animal fats often leads to an increase in blood serum cholesterol, particularly in sedentary, overweight people. Conversely, a diet-lower in saturated fats and higher in polyunsaturated fats leads to a lower serum cholesterol level. Studies have shown that a serum cholesterol level greater than 240 mg/dL (a desirable value is <200 mg/dL) is correlated with an increased incidence of coronary artery disease, in which cholesterol deposits build up on the inner walls of coronary arteries, blocking the flow of blood to the heart muscles. 

POTTER s M, FERTILE J and BERBER-JIMENEZ M D (1996) Soy protein concentrate and isolated soy protein similarly lower blood serum cholesterol hut differently affect thyroid hormones in hamsters. J Nutr. 126 (8) 2007-11. 

Bostick, R. M., Fosdick, L., Grandits, G. A., Grambsch, P., Gross, M., and Louis, T. A. (2000). Effect of calcium supplementation on serum cholesterol and blood pressure A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Arch. Earn. Med. 9,31-38. 

Cholesterol is commonly associated with cardiovascular disease and its routine measurement is used to measure its potential health risk. High blood serum cholesterol levels are often correlated with excessive plaque deposits in the arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis... 

Standard lipid screening to obtain a cholesterol profile for the risk of cardiovascular disease routinely reports total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. Cholesterol values are reported in milligrams per deciliter of blood (mg/dL). Different organizations have made recommendations for normal cholesterol levels, but these must be interpreted carefully, as they are contingent on other risk conditions. For example, the recommendations for smokers or those with a family history of heart disease will be lower for someone without these conditions. The National Center for Cholesterol Education (NCEP) endorsed by the American Heart Association believes that LDL is the primary cholesterol component to determine therapy. LDL cholesterol accounts for 60—70% of blood serum cholesterol. An LDL less than 160 mg/dL is recommended for individuals with no more than one risk factor and less than 100 mg/dL for individuals with coronary heart disease. NCEP classifies HDL, which comprises between 20% and 30% of blood cholesterol, below 40 mg/dL as low. Triglycerides are an indirect measure of VLDL cholesterol. The NCEP considers a normal triglyceride level as less than 150 mg/dL. 

In die peripheral blood system, crocetin derivatives prevent an elevation in bilirubin levels [3] and also reduce elevated levels of serum cholesterol and triglyceride [4]. Anti-tumor activity of saffron is observed in mice transplanted with several types of tumor cell lines including sarcoma 180, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, and Dalton s lymphoma ascites... 

LDL and HDL The level of plasma cholesterol is not precisely regulated, but rather varies in response to the diet. Elevated levels result in an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (Figue 27.9). The risk increases progressively with higher values fa-serum total cholesterol. A much stronger correlation exists between the levels of blood LDL cholesterol and heart disease. In contrast, high levels of HDL cholesterol have been associated... 

Benefits The herb is claimed to stimulate the gall bladder and detoxify and regenerate the liver tissues. It has been used to treat dyspeptic problems. It has also been shown to reduce blood lipids, serum cholesterol and blood sugar levels. The high inulin content makes it a valuable vegetable for diabetics. 

In a 1-year follow-up of 40 renal transplant patients treated with various dosages of sirolimus (0.5-7 mg/m2/ day) in addition to a ciclosporin-based regimen, there were significant increases in serum cholesterol and triglycerides, and significant falls in white blood cell and platelet counts, compared with historical controls (1066). These effects correlated with sirolimus trough concentrations but not dosages. One patient had to discontinue sirolimus because of hyperlipidemia refractory to treatment. 

LaRosa JC, Hnninghake Du, Bush D, Grundy et al. The cholesterol facts. A summary of the evidence relating dietary fats, serum cholesterol, and coronary heart disease. A joint statement by the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The Task Force on Cholesterol Issues, American Heart Association. Circulation. 1990, 8 1721-1733. 

McDougall, J. et al.. Rapid reduction of serum cholesterol and blood pressure by a twelve-day, very low fat, strictly vegetarian diet, J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 14, 491, 1995. 

Coinciding with this development was the publication of Calories Don t Count (43), which became an instant best-seller in 1961. The book advocated a diet that featured daily capsulized doses of safflower oil. Medical research was beginning to demonstrate the close relationship between diet and heart disease. Eminent researchers began to show the relationship of cholesterol to heart disease and, more important, to show that polyunsaturates such as safflower oil would lower blood serum cholesterol for many people (44-46). 

A further application for sample diluters arises when an initial extraction or dilution is required before the normal sequential operations of an AutoAnalyzer can be started. Examples of this can be considered in relation to the assay of serum cholesterol and blood glucose. For the AutoAnalyzer serum cholesterol method an initml extraction is required before the extract can be placed in the AutoAnalyzer cup, and difficulties can arise if an automatic diluter is used to perform this, since the extracting fluid precipitates the serum proteins at the interface in the diluter... 

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