Blood glucose in rat

Medellin MLC, Salvidar SOS and De la Garza TV. 1998. Effect of raw and cooked nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica) ingestion on growth and total cholesterol, lipoproteins and blood glucose in rats. Arch Latinoamer Nutr 48 316-323. 

Peoples, R.W., Spratto, G.R., Akbar, W.J., and Fletcher, H.P., Effect of repeated administration of soman on selected endocrine parameters and blood glucose in rats, 11,587,1988. 

Fletcher, H. P, W. J. Akbar, R. W. Peoples, and G. R. Spratto. 1988. Effect of acute soman on selected endocrine parameters and blood glucose in rats. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology 11 581-586. 

Manosroi, A., and Bauer, K. H., 1990, Effects of gastrointestinal administration of human insulin and human insulin-DEAE-dextran complex entrapped in different compound liposomes on blood glucose in rats. Drag Dev. Ind. Pharm. 16 1521-1538. 

Newman JMB, Ross RM, Richards SM, Clark MG, Rattigan S. Insulin and contraction increase nutritive blood flow in rat muscle in vivo determined by microdialysis of L-[ 14C] glucose. Journal of Physiology 2007, 585, 217-229. 

Murphy SD, Porter S. 1966. Effects of toxic chemicals on some adaptive liver enzymes, liver glycogen, and blood glucose in fasted rats. Biochem Pharmacol 15 1665-1676. 

Tanaka, K., Nishizono, S., Kugino, K., Tamari, M., Kurumiya, M., Abe, N., and Ikeda, I. 2006. Effects of dietary oyster extract on lipid metabolism, blood pressure, and blood glucose in SD rats, hypertensive rats, and diabetic rats. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 70, 462—410. 

In the ob/ob mouse, the KK mouse and the Zucker rat, CS-045 reduces the levels of blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides, lactate, and free fatty acids, while in the normal rat and the streptozotocin-diabetic rat, no effect on blood glucose is observed. The effect on blood glucose in KK mice can be observed after a single 50 mg/kg dose within 2.5 hours and lasts as long as... 

Vanadate (VOj or H2VO4 ) was first recognized in 1979 as having insulin mimetic properties [258]. Since then, vanadate and vanadyl (V ) have been shown to mimic most but not all biological actions of insulin in vitro and to lower blood glucose in streptozotocin-treated rats [259, 260]. Vanadate is a potent inhibitor of phosphotyrosine phosphatases, an interesting activity since the insulin receptor is a tyrosine kinase, and some of the actions of insulin have been proposed to take place via autophosphorylation of the insulin receptor and phosphorylation of cellular substrates on tyrosine residues [261]. Some recent developments on the mechanism and the in vivo activity of vanadate and its derivatives are presented here. 

BM 13.0907 (53) lowers blood glucose in ob/ob mice by a mechanism closely resembling that of insulin. In rat adipocytes, BM 13.0907 increases glucose uptake and stimulates the translocation of glucose transporters from intracellular compartments to the plasma membrane [276]. In ob/ob mice, BM 13.0907 normalizes blood glucose at 50 mg/kgp.o. Adipocytes isolated from treated animals display an increase in glucose uptake and an increased ability to translocate glucose transporters [277]. 

Ro 16-8714 (84) is a tertiary amine also developed as an antiobesity agent. It normalizes blood glucose in ob/ob mice [376] and in streptozotocin-diabetic rats [377] by increasing glucose oxidation. A euglycaemic clamp in fa/fa rats determined that the compound increases both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose utilization in brown adipose fat, the tissue in... 

Aegle mar me lose (L) correa ex Roxb (Rutaceae) Leaf (India, Pakistan) Alloxan induced diabetic rats showed significant glucose tolerance. The leaf extract treatment reduced blood urea, serum cholesterol and liver glycogen [118], STZ diabetic rats showed an improved functional state of pancreatic beta-cells [119]. The effect of leaf extract on blood glucose in STZ diabetic rats was observed kinetically [120],... 

In a recent study it was demonstrated that oral administration of water soluble fraction of alcoholic extract of leaves of G. sylvestre led to marked lowering of blood glucose in normal, glucose-fed hyperglycemic, insulin-treated and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The results revealed that the... 

Khosla, R, D.D. Gupta, and R.K. Nagpal. 1995. Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) on blood glucose in normal and diabetic rats. Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 39(2) 173-174. 

Extensive investigations on the biosynthesis of fructose from blood glucose in seminal vesicle epithelium from several species and rat coagulating gland have suggested that three enzymatic pathways are... 

Katada T, Ui M (1976) Accelerated turnover of blood glucose in pertussis-sensitized rats due to combined actions of endogenous insulin and adrenergic /S-stimulation. Biochim Biophys Acta 421 57-69... 

Lukaszewicz-Hussain A, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J, Pawlowska D. 1985. Blood glucose and insulin concentration in rats subjected to physical exercise in acute poisoning with parathion-methyl. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 37 647-651. 

Garg A, Kunwar K, Das N, et al. 1980. Endosulfan intoxication Blood glucose, electrolytes, Ca levels, ascorbic acid and glutathione in rats. Toxicol Lett 5 119-123. 

The temporal correlation between in vitro and in vivo release of insulin was quite good. To induce diabetes, two groups of rats were administered 65 mg/kg of streptozotocin in 0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 4.5. Within several days, the animals had become diabetic, as evidenced by blood glucose levels of approximately 400 mg/dl, and substantial output of glucose in their urine. One group of these animals was then injected subcutaneously with 40-50 mg of 15% insulin-loaded PCPP-SA 50 50 microspheres, 850-1000 pm in diameter. A third group of animals receiving no treatment served as a control. 

As can be seen in Fig. 12, the injection of insulin-containing microspheres decreased the blood glucose values in the diabetic rats... 

While the major application of albumin microspheres is in the area of chemotherapy, there have been studies reporting the release of such varied compounds as 1-norgestrel (97), insulin (98), and hematoporphyrins (99) from bovine serum albumin, and the antibacterial sulfadiazine from ovalbumin (100). In general, burst phenomena are found for all systems studied. However, the results from the insulin study are worthy of note in that blood glucose levels were depressed for more than 14 days following the administration of insulin-containing BSA microspheres to diabetic rats. The smaller microspheres were absorbed by day 28 and the larger particles by day 56. 

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