Biosafety procedures

Biosafety procedures When working with chemicals, suitable protective wear, such as lab coat and disposable gloves, are advised. When human serum specimens are involved, experiments must be conducted in accordance to the standard biosafety procedures as instructed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO). 

Operations involving infectious agents or organisms will require further measures to ensure bio-security and safety. This usually involves the use of biosafety cabinets, which are designed to protect both the product and the user from contamination. Appropriate disinfection and bio-containment procedures must be adopted to prevent unwanted release of dangerous organisms. 

In spite of several drawbacks (i.e. expensive and laborious handling procedures, low space-time yields (Table 2.1), high demand on biosafety, potential contaminations, limited applicability for continuous fermentations [129], and problems obtaining the same glycosyla-tion profile from batch to batch [130]), mammalian cell cultures are widely used for small-scale expression and more recently even on a multi-cubic-meter scale. The system works like insect... 

Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4) Important procedures for BSL-4 and BSL-3 laboratories (as well as BSL-2 and BSL-1) are contained in a valuable 250-page manual, Biosafety in... 

High-titer (e.g., >107 pg p24 antigen/mL by ELISA or 108 transduction units (TU)/mL) lentivirus, stored at —80°C in 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes in 10-20 pL aliquots. Thaw and store on ice during surgery procedure. Do not freeze-thaw more than twice. Handle lentivirus using Biosafety Level 2 precautions. 

The principal element of containment is strict adherence to standard microbiological practices and procedures. They are fundamental to laboratory biosafety at all levels of containment and are designed primarily to protect the laboratory worker by avoiding any activities that are potential sources of infection (see Table 3). Attention must also be paid to the additional protection provided by safety equipment (primary barriers) and facility design (secondary barriers), particularly with regard to work at Biosafety/Laboratory Containment Levels 3 and 4. 

A biosafety manual is prepared or adopted. Laboratory personnel receive training on potential hazards associated with the work involved, precautions to prevent exposures, and exposure evaluation procedures. Appropriate immunizations... 

The first step of the extrachon procedure, i.e., the denaturation of the sample with the lysis buffer, should be performed in a class II biosafety cabinet. The remainder of the procedure can be carried out on the bench, because the lysis buffer completely inactivates HIV. 

Routine clinical laboratory testing does not include attempting to isolate or cultivate VHF viruses. Such procedures require biosafety level 4 facilities and procedures. Additional information is available on the CDC Web site at (62) http //www.cdc.gov/od/ohs/biosfty/bmbl4/bmbl4toc.htm. 

Biosafety level 2 procedures should be used whenever appropriate. 

A procedure will be developed that identifies the certification requirements for all High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters in the Injectable facility. This will include HEPA filters mounted in ceilings, flow hoods, biosafety... 

Biosafety Level 4 (BL-4) isolation suite admission barrier nursing procedures ... 

A biosafety manual is to be prepared and adopted. Personnelare to be advised ofspecial hazards and are required to read the manual and to follow instructions on practices and procedures. 

All procedures within the facility with agents assigned to biosafety level 4 are to be conducted in C lass 111 biological safety cabinets orin Class 11 biological safety cabinets used in conjunction with one-piece positive pressure personnel suits ventilated by a life support system. Work with vital agents that require biosafety level 4 secondary containment capabilities can be conducted in class 11 biological safety cabinets within the facility without the one-piece positive pressure personnel suit if ... 

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