Bernsteins dure

The authors sincerely appreciate the research carried out by former graduate students (now) Drs. C. Lo, M. Oskoole-Tabrlzl, H.J. Jung, and A.V. Prasad Rao, under the direction of one of us (LNM), during the past five years. We are grateful to various research associates/ collaborators, namely Drs. K.R.P.M. Rao (Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Bombay, India) and to Drs. B. Bernstein, R. Schehl,... 

Although caffeine increases response speed in some visual attention taste, it is apparently not due to decreased distractibility or suppression of irrelevant responses (Kenemans and Verbaten 1998). Cognitive decline is evident during withdrawal from caffeine, primarily on measures of response time and sustained attention (Bernstein et al. 1998). The degree of habitual caffeine use is the strongest variable predicting the response to caffeine in a visual attention task (Loke and Meliska 1984). 

K. Dvorakova, H. Bernstein, C. Bernstein, H. Holubec and H. Garewal, Caspase-6 mediated cleavage of guanylate cyclase alpha 1 during deoxycholate-induced apoptosis protective role of the nitric oxide signalling module. Cell Biol. Toxicol, 2003, 19(6), 373. 

D. Washo-Stultz, C. Crowley, C. M. Payne, C. Bernstein, S. Marek, E. W. Gerner and H. Bernstein, Increased susceptibility of cells to inducible apoptosis during growth from early to late log phase an important caveat for in vitro apoptosis research, Toxicol. Lett., 2000, 116(3), 199. 

Bernstein, D., Doshi, R., Huang, S., Strandness, E., and Jasper, J.R. 1992. Transcriptional regulation of left ventricular p-adrenergic receptors during chronic hypoxia. Circ. Res. 71 1465-1471. 

During the last 6 years, we have studied solvent stabilization of the excited state electron transfer reaction for dimethylaminobenzonitrile (DMABN) (Grassian et al. 1989, 1990 Shang and Bernstein 1992 Warren et al. 1988). Investigation of the cluster behavior of this reaction has led to an important finding that pertains to both condensed phase behavior and the mechanism for the electron transfer,... 

The theory described here was fully developed during the early years of high resolution NMR investigations and is now standard. The classic work is included in the High Resolution NMR by Pople, Schneider, and Bernstein,34 and the book Structure of High Resolution NMR Spectra by P. L. Corio79 covers some aspects of... 

Pyridoxine has been used to counteract nausea during pregnancy. Mothers who use pyridoxine supplements give birth to babies with higher pyridoxine requirements. Pyridoxine dependency has been reported in some newborns with seizures and pyridoxine treatment reverses the seizure activity in these infants (Bernstein,... 

Aviv A. John E. Bernstein J, Goldsmith Dl, Spitzer A. Lead intoxication during development. Its late effects on renal function and blood pressure. Kidney Int 1980 17 430-443. 

Volovitz, B., Osur, S.L., Bernstein, J.M. and Ogra, P.L. (1988). Leukotriene C4 release in upper respiratory mucosa during natural exposure to ragweed in ragweed-sensitive children. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 82, 414-418. 

Polymorphs are crystalline solids that have the same chemical composition, yet adopt different molecular arrangements in the crystal lattice (Grant, 1999 Byrn et al., 1999 Vippagunta et al., 2001 Bernstein, 2002). Crystalline solids may also incorporate solvent into the lattice during crystallization to form a solvate, or a hydrate in the case of water, an occurrence that is commonly referred to as pseudopolymorphism (Bym et al., 1999 Nangia and Desiraju, 1999). Adequate control over the crystallization of solid forms is of utmost importance, as each form can exhibit different pharmaceutically relevant properties including solubility, dissolution rate, bioavailability, physical and chemical stability, and mechanical properties (Grant, 1999 Bernstein, 2002). 

As mentioned already, the main consideration In this work will be the failure occurring as a result of necking during the uniaxial creep of polyethylene at relatively high loadings. Recently, Bernstein and Zapas [2] have extended the work of Erlcksen [3] on the instability of elastic bars to the case of viscoelastic materials, more specifically to the class of materials which behave according to the BKZ theory [4]. 

The most frequently used method to measure lung function objectively at and away from work is performance of serial peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR) over periods of 2 to 3 weeks (Bernstein, DI, 1993). The subject measures and records his/her PEFR every 1 to 2 hours while at work and at home and at the same times documents symptoms and medication usage. A diurnal variability of greater than 20 per cent at work with subsequent improvement or normalization at home is considered an abnormal response consistent with OA. Ideally, PEFRs should be monitored for 2 weeks at work and during a 1 to 2 week period away from work. One of the shortcomings of these measurements is that patients can falsify or inaccurately record their readings (Bernstein, DI, 1993). 

Whilst it is hoped that the issue of polymorphism is resolved during prenomination and early development, it can remain a concern when the synthesis of the drug is scaled-up into a larger reactor or transferred to another production site. In extreme cases, and despite intensive research, work may have only produced a metastable form, and the first production batch produces the stable form. Dunitz and Bernstein (1995) have reviewed the appearance of, and subsequent disappearance of, polymorphs. Essentially, this describes the scenario whereby, after nucleation of a more stable form, the previously prepared metastable form could no longer be made. 

Fig, 7. Data and model predictions of dimensionless bulk heparinase concentration during course of enzyme immobilization at 4°C, pH 7.0. Vf = 6.8 mL, VB = 3.6 mL, and Cc = = 9.8 iimol/g. Each point is mean of three independent experiments, and all samples assayed in duplicate. Error bars are size of points. Line is model prediction [from Bernstein el al. (48)]. 

Fig. t2. Concentration profile of blue dextran in effluent of heparinase reactor during washout experiment. Inlet flow rate 120 mL/min. Concentration is normalized by initial concentration of dye in the reactor, and time is normalized by mean residence time in the reactor as determined by best fit to data. Line is theoretical prediction for washout of dye from CSTR [from Bernstein et al. (50)]. 

Marsh, D.J., Pu, S.-F., Bernstein, B.W. and Ishii, D.N. (1994) Localization of insulin-like growth factor 11 (IGF-II) protein and mRNA during nerve regeneration. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 20 1498. 

Positive patch tests to phenolphthalein have been reported in some eczematous lesions (Bernstein 1931 Wise and Sulzberger 1933). False positive patch tests, reflecting epidermal hysteresis, have also been demonstrated after phenolphthalein administration (Shelley et al. 1972). Wyatt et al. (1972) found that serum taken during exacerbations produced a local inflammation when injected intradermally. Possible cross-reaction with erythrosin which is used as a food and drug colorant has been reported (Wile 1936). Other rare allergic manifestations after phenolphthalein administration are urticaria, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, lupus erythe-matosus-like eruptions, and encephalitis (Lindemayr 1959 Kendall 1954). 

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