Bernstein

The preceding treatment relates primarily to flocculation rates, while the irreversible aging of emulsions involves the coalescence of droplets, the prelude to which is the thinning of the liquid film separating the droplets. Similar theories were developed by Spielman [54] and by Honig and co-workers [55], which added hydrodynamic considerations to basic DLVO theory. A successful experimental test of these equations was made by Bernstein and co-workers [56] (see also Ref. 57). Coalescence leads eventually to separation of bulk oil phase, and a practical measure of emulsion stability is the rate of increase of the volume of this phase, V, as a function of time. A useful equation is... 

Bernstein R B and Zare R N 1980 State to state reaction dynamics Phys. Today 33 43... 

Bernstein R B (ed) 1982 Chemioal Dynamios via Moleoular Beam and Laser Teohniques (The Hinshelwood Leotures, Oxford, 1980) (Oxford Oxford University Press)... 

Levine R D and Bernstein R B (eds) 1989 Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Chemical Reactivity (Qxford Qxford University Press)... 

Bernstein R B (ed) 1979 Atom-Molecule Collision Theory. A Guide for the Experimentalist New York Plenum)... 

Novick S, Leopold K and Klemperer W 1990 Atomic and Molecular Olusters ed E Bernstein (New York Elsevier) p 359-91 (the clusters listing presented here is now maintained electronically by S Novick)... 

Zewail A and Bernstein R 1992 Real-time laser femtochemistry viewing the transition from reagents to products The Chemical Bond Structure and Dynamics ed A Zewail (San Diego, CA Academic) pp 223-79... 

Scherer N F, Khundkar L R, Bernstein R B and Zewail A H 1987 Real-time picosecond clocking of the collision complex in a bimolecular reaction the birth of OH from H + CO2 J. Chem. Phys. 87 1451-3... 

Baer M (ed) 1985 Theory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics (Boca Raton, FL CRC Press) vols 1-4 Bernstein R B (ed) 1979 Atom-Molecule Collision Theory A Guide for the Experimentalist (New York Plenum)... 

F.C. Bernstein, T.F. Koetzle, G.J.B. Williams, E. Meyer, M.D. Bryce, J.R. Rogers, O. Kennard, T. Shikanouchi and M. Tasumi, The protein data bank A computer-based archival file for macromolecular structures, J. Mol. Biol. 112 (1977), 535-542. 

A number of structured databases have been developed to classify proteins according to the three-dimensional structures. Many of these are accessible via the World Wide Web, T1 protein databanlc (PDB [Bernstein d al. 1977]) is the primary source of data about the stru tures of biological macromolecules and contains a large number of structures, but many i these are of identical proteins (complexed with different ligands or determined at differet resolutions) or are of close homologues. 

Bernstein F C, T F Koetzle, G J B Williams, E Meyer, M D Bryce, J R Rogers, O Kennard, T Shikanouchi and M Tasumi 1977. The Protein Data Bank A Computer-Based Archival File for Macromolecular Structures. Journal of Molecular Biology 112 535-542. 

Bernstein, B., Kearslcy, E.A. and Zapaa, L., 1963. A study of stress relaxation with finite strain. Trans. Soc. Rheol. 7, 391-410. 

Roots-Bernstein, R. S. Discovering. Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA, 1989. 

S. Bernstein, G. H. Tzeng, and D. Sisson in A. E. Humphrey and E. L. Gaden, Jr., eds., Single-Cell Protein from Renewable andNonrenewable Resources, John Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 1977, pp. 35—44. 

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