Batata

Ahneida, L.B. and Penteado, M.V.C., Carotenoids and provitamin A value of some Brazilian sweet potato cultivars (Ipomoea batatas Lam.), Rev. Farm. Bioquim. Univ. S. Paulo, 28, 145, 1992. 

Odake, K. et al.. Chemical strnctures of two anthocyanins from purple sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas. Phytochemistry, 31, 2127, 1992. 

Truong VD, McFeeters RF, Thompson RT, Dean LL and Shofran B. 2007. Phenolic acid content and composition in leaves and roots of common commercial sweetpotato (Ipomea batatas L.) cultivars in the United States. J Food Sci 72(6) C343-C349. 

Ameny MA and Wilson PW. 1997. Relationship between hunter color values and 3-carotene contents in white-fleshed African sweetpotatoes (Ipomoea batatas Lam). J Sci Food Agric 73 301—306. 

TERRESTRIAL PLANTS Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas, Nagasaki, Japan, 1945, postatomic detonation 137Cs 0.09 DW 1... 

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), crotalaria (Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Intercropping Khan et al. 2007... 

The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is an important contributor to human nutrition in many parts of the world. Sweet potato ranks sixth in annual world production at 137 million metric tons (1975-1977) (1) behind wheat, rice, maize, potato, and barley. 

Starch is one of the most abimdant plant polysaccharides and is a major source of carbohydrates and energy in the human diet (Zobel and Stephen, 1995). Starch is the most widely used hydrocolloid in the food industry (Wanous, 2004), and is also a widely used industrial substrate polymer. Total annual world production of starch is approximately 60 million MT and it is predicted to increase by additional approximately 10 million MT by 2010 (FAO, 2006b LMC International, 2002 S. K. Patil and Associates, 2007). Com/maize Zea mays L.), cassava (also known as tapioca—Manihot escu-lenta Crantn.), sweet potato Ipomoea batatas L.), wheat Triticum aestivum L.), and potato Solanum tuberosum L.) are the major sources of starch, while rice Oryza sativa L.), barley Hordeum vulgare L.), sago Cycas spp.), arrowroot Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kimtze), buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Moench), etc. contribute in lesser amounts to total global production. 

The jalapin-like chloroform-soluble material from the dried tubers of I. batatas was subjected to successive column chromatography over silica gel and HPLC to yield batatosides J-L (55-57) with the oligosaccharide core based on operculinic acid E. The lactonization site was placed at C-2 of the first rhamnose unit. Cinnamic acid was present as the esterifying residue at the C-2 position of the third rhamnose unit. These resin glycosides also contain esterifying residues composed of n-dodecanoic or (25)-methylbutyric acids at the C-2 or C-3 positions on the second rhamnose unit of the oligosaccharide core as well as n-decanoic or n-dodecanoic acids at C-4 on the third rhamnose (40). 

Alkaline hydrolysis of the CHCls-soluble resin glycoside mixture from dry roots of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) afforded two glycosidic acids, simonic acids A (hexadecanoic acid, (115)-[(0-6-deoxy-a-L-mannopyranosyl-(1 3)-0-[6-deoxy-a-L-mannopyranosyl-(l—>4)]-0-6-deoxy-a-L-mannopyranosyl-(1 4)-0-6-deoxy-... 

Six intact acylated resin glycosides containing simonic acid A have been isolated simonin 11 (183), batatosides M (197) and N (198) from 7. batatas 31, 40)... 

Batatins V (234) and VI (235) are acylated tetrasaccharide ester-t3 pe dimers isolated from Ipomoea batatas, which yielded operculinic acid C through saponification. A mild alkaline hydrolysis of both afforded compound 30, one of the monomeric units, identified by coelution in UPLC with natural batatinoside 111 (31), placing the lactonization at C-3 of the second saccharide in the macrocyclic portion. C-3 of the third saccharide unit was identified as the position for the ester linkage. Both dimers showed acylations at C-4 of the terminal rhamnose... 

Native to tropical America, sweet potato (I. batatas) is a perennial morning glory vine that has been cultivated for over 5,000 years for its edible tubers in Mexico, Central and lowland South America, and the West Indies. Today, sweet potato is cultivated around the world, especially in developing countries (Plate 4). A decoction made from the leaves of this plant is used in folk remedies as a gargle to treat mouth and throat tumors, and poultices are prepared for inflammatory tumors (64). In Mexico, leaf decoctions are considered to be of cold nature , to reduce excessive body heat, contemporarily defined as such illnesses as diarrhea, dysentery, heart disease, stomach distress, fever, and gastrointestinal infection. In Chinese traditional medicine, the tubers have been used as a medicinal herb to eliminate secretion in perceived abnormal quantities of blood or other body fluids (79). 

Plate 4. Sweet potato. The roots of Ipomoea batatas, known in Mexico as camote camohtli in... 

Noda N, Yoda S, Kawasaki T, Miyahara K (1992) Resin Glycosides XV. Simonins I-V, Ether-Soluble Resin Glycosides (Jalapins) from the Roots of Ipomoea batatas (cv. Simon). Chem Pharm Bull 40 3163... 

Noda N, Horiuchi Y (2008) The Resin Glycosides from the Sweet Potato Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.). Chem Pharm Bull 56 1607... 

Yin Y-Q, Wang J-S, Luo J-G, Kong L-Y (2009) Novel acylated lipo-oligosaccharides from the tuhers of Ipomoea batatas. Carhohyd Res 344 466... 

Yin Y, Li Y, Kong L (2008) Pentasaccharide Glycosides from the Tubers of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas). J Agric Food Chem 56 2363... 

Yin Y-Q, Huang X-F, Kong L-Y, Niwa M (2008) Three New Pentasaccharide Resin Glycosides from the Roots of Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Chem Pharm Bull 56 1670... 

Peterson JK, Harrison HE (1991) Isolation of Substance from Sweet Potato Ipomoea batatas) Periderm Tissue that Inhibits Seed Germination. J Chem Ecol 17 943... 

Purple acid phosphatase (PAP) or tartrate-resistant phosphatase is not thought to be a protein phosphatase but it has a very similar dimetallic active site structure to that found in protein phosphatases. PAPs have been identified in bacteria, plants, mammals, and fungi. The molecular weights (animal 35 kDa, plant 55 kDa) are different and they exhibit low sequence homology between kingdoms but the residues involved in coordination of the metal ions are invariant. " There has been considerable debate as to the identity of the metal ions in PAPs in vivo. Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas, has been shown to possess two different PAP enzymes and the active site of one of them has been shown to contain one Fe and one Zn " " ion. Another report has established that the active site of a PAP from sweet potato contains one Fe " and one Mn +. The well-characterized red kidney bean enzyme and the soybean enzyme contain Fe " and Zn. Claims that PAP from sweet potato has 2Fe ions or 2Mn ions have been discussed elsewhere. One explanation is that these are different forms of the enzyme, another is that because the metal ions are labile and are rapidly incorporated into the active site, the enzyme contains a mixture of metal ions in vivo and the form isolated depends on the conditions of isolation. 

Herr HW, Yagoda A, Batata M, Sogani PC, Whitmore WF. Planned preoperative cisplatin and radiation therapy for locally advanced bladder Cancer. Cancer 1983 52 2205-2208. 

Antischistosomal activity. Hot water extract of the dried rhizome, taken orally by human adults at variable dosage levels, was active. A mixture of Rehmannia glutinosa (Rt), Dioscorea batatas (Tu), Dolichos lablab (Sd), Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Rt), Zingiber officinale (Rh), Evodiarutae carpa (Fr), Atractylodes macrocephala (Rh), and Panax ginseng (Rt) was used . ... 

Terahara, N. et ak. Six diacylated anthocyanins from the storage roots of pru ple sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas, Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 63, 1420, 1999. 

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