Chloroform, solubility

Tola mide. Tola2imide (l-(hexahydro-lJT-a2epin-l-yl)-3-(p-tolysulfonyl)urea), mol wt 311.40, is a white to off-white crystalline powder, ododess or having a slight odor, mp 170—173°C, with a piC of —3.6 at 25°C and 5.68 at 37.5°C. It is very slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in chloroform, soluble in acetone, and slightly soluble in alcohol. The trade name is Tolinase. 

What properties oibenzyltriethylammonium ion make it soluble in diverse solvents Examine its electrostatic potential map and atomic charges. Which groups facilitate water solubility Explain. Which groups facilitate chloroform solubility Explain. 

Phenacylpyridinium bromide (155) with aqueous sodium carbonate yields the chloroform soluble zwitterion (156) which, with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in the presence of palladium on charcoal, cyclized to the indolizine (157) in ca. 20% yield. In a similar way the pyrazine (158) gave a mixture of (159) and (160) through loss of the benzoyl group. The last compound was also ob-... 

Following the same procedures described in the above-mentioned study, additional extractive data were obtained for the epoxy phenolic enamel that was irradiated at 4.7-7.1 Mrad at 25 and — 30 °C in the presence of distilled water, 3% acetic acid, and n-heptane. The changes in the amount of extractives resulting from the irradiation treatment are shown in Table IX. In the case of the water and acetic acid extractives, there was no change in either the chloroform-soluble fractions or the chloroform-insoluble fractions. In the case of the n-heptane extractives, the amount of extractives decreased when the irradiation temperature was reduced from +25 to — 30°C. Infrared spectra of the chloroform-soluble residues from the water and acetic acid extractives of the unirradiated and irradiated enamel were identical to the chloroform-soluble residues from the solvent blanks. In other words, the epoxy phenolic... 

The color requirement is intended to cover the unavoidable presence of a small amt of the red form of Explosive D in admlxt with the yel form. The requirement with respect to irritant contaminarit -represents a control of the purity of PA used in manuf when this is made by the dinitrochlorobenzene process. The chloroform soluble impurities requirement also represents a control of the nature of impurities present in PA manufd by a process other than the nitration of phenol ... 

Cyclizations can also be carried out with an esterified oligomer of phosphoric acid called polyphosphate ester, which is chloroform soluble.55 Another reagent of this type is trimethylsilyl polyphosphate (Scheme 11.4, Entry 13).56 Neat methanesul-fonic acid is also an effective reagent for intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation (Scheme 11.4, Entry 14).57... 

The combined chloroform layers were dried (sodium sulfate) and evaporated to dryness to give 6.2 g of chloroform solubles that showed all of the antimicrobial activity. 

The active chloroform-soluble residue (6.2 g) was separated into tertiary phenolic and nonphenolic fractions by dissolving the residue in 250 ml of chloroform and extracting three times each with 250 ml of 5% sodium hydroxide solution. After drying, the chloroform solution was evaporated to leave 4.7 g of tertiary nonphenolic alkaloids that possessed all of the antimicrobial activity. 

An alga, isolated from a red tide outbreak area, produced chloroform-soluble material capable of causing lysis of . brevis. 

The authors chose pyruvic acid as their model compound this C3 molecule plays a central role in the metabolism of living cells. It was recently synthesized for the first time under hydrothermal conditions (Cody et al., 2000). Hazen and Deamer carried out their experiments at pressures and temperatures similar to those in hydrothermal systems (but not chosen to simulate such systems). The non-enzymatic reactions, which took place in relatively concentrated aqueous solutions, were intended to identify the subsequent self-selection and self-organisation potential of prebiotic molecular species. A considerable series of complex organic molecules was tentatively identified, such as methoxy- or methyl-substituted methyl benzoates or 2, 3, 4-trimethyl-2-cyclopenten-l-one, to name only a few. In particular, polymerisation products of pyruvic acid, and products of consecutive reactions such as decarboxylation and cycloaddition, were observed the expected tar fraction was not found, but water-soluble components were found as well as a chloroform-soluble fraction. The latter showed similarities to chloroform-soluble compounds from the Murchison carbonaceous chondrite (Hazen and Deamer, 2007). 

The poly(5-fnethyl-l, 4-hexadiene) fiber pattern (Figure 6) gave an identity period of 6.3 A, indicating a 3 isotactic helix structure. The X-ray diffraction pattern was not very sharp, which may be due to the difficulty of the side chain with a double bond to fit in a crystalline lattice. The crystallinity was determined to be 15% using the Hermans and Weidinger method (27). A Chloroform-soluble fraction free from catalyst residues showed no improvement in the sharpness of the X-ray diffraction pattern. These data show that the configuration of the 1,2-polymerization units in the homopolymer of 5-methyl-1,4-hexadiene is isotactic. 

Along with epi-eudesmanes, 25-27, alloaromadendranes 58-60 were separated from the chloroform solubles of a methanol extract of A. cannabina [36], As was the case with axisonitrile-2 (53), extensive spectroscopic analyses including Eu(fod)3 shift reagent experiments in XH- and 13C NMR permitted assignment of relative stereochemistry. Acanthella pulcherrima was also a source of isothiocyanate 59, although both isonitrile and formamido compounds appear to be absent [20],... 

The reaction between CIRh(PPh3)3 and PMMA produces both chloroform soluble and chloroform insoluble fractions (6-7). The soluble fraction contains a material which is very much like PMMA but also contains anhydride by FT-IR analysis. This polymeric fraction also contains rhodium, ligated by methyl and methoxy as well as triphenylphosphine. The chloroform insoluble fraction is about 25% of the total material and will not dissolve in any common laboratory solvent. Charring of PMMA under such conditions has not been previously seen. The char contains rhodium and is also found to retain chloroform, indicative of cross-linking. TGA analysis indicates that the chloroform may be driven off at about 150°C and the remainder is non-volatile at 600°C. 

Pillai, C.G.P., J.D. Weete, and D.E. Davis. 1977. Metabolism of atrazine by Spartina altemiflora. I. Chloroform-soluble metabolites. Jour. Agric. Food Chem. 25 852-855. 

Eq. (a) shows that the quaternary salt gets quantitatively precipitated by sodium tetraphenyl boron as the complexing agent. Eq. (b) depicts that quaternary compounds shall readily react with certain anionic dye, such as bromophenol blue, to yield a blue, chloroform-soluble complex. 

The jalapin-like chloroform-soluble material from the dried tubers of I. batatas was subjected to successive column chromatography over silica gel and HPLC to yield batatosides J-L (55-57) with the oligosaccharide core based on operculinic acid E. The lactonization site was placed at C-2 of the first rhamnose unit. Cinnamic acid was present as the esterifying residue at the C-2 position of the third rhamnose unit. These resin glycosides also contain esterifying residues composed of n-dodecanoic or (25)-methylbutyric acids at the C-2 or C-3 positions on the second rhamnose unit of the oligosaccharide core as well as n-decanoic or n-dodecanoic acids at C-4 on the third rhamnose (40). 

Detailed examination of the composition and distribution of the reaction products over a range of reaction conditions showed that the four coals exhibited certain common trends. Of particular note, there was in each case, a sharp distinction between the events which took place at low and high conversions. The division occurred at a chloroform-solubles yield of approximately 25% wt dmmf coal. 

Figure 2. Variation in atomic H/C ratio versus chloroform-soluble yields from subbituminous (PSOC-1403) and bituminous (PSOC-1266) coals (solvent-free hydrogenation 300-400°C 5-180 min 1% wt sulfided Mo 7 MPa H2 cold) (data from refs 7 and 8).

It is to be noted that the magnitude of the increase in each of the measured properties, between the initial and maximum values, was quite different for the subbituminous coal and the three bituminous coals. Examples of the increases from the initial value (determined for the chloroform-soluble extract from the parent coal) to the maximum are the 0/A ratio increased from 0.8 initial value to 8.0 maximum value for the subbituminous coal, PSOC-1403, and from 0.25 to 1.5 for the bituminous coal, PSOC-1266 the H/C atomic ratio increased from 1.46 to 1.60 for the subbituminous coal, PSOC-1403, and from 1.01 to 1.06 for the bituminous coal, PSOC-1266 (see Figure 2). 

Analyses of the chloroform-soluble extracts of the subbituminous coal by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the presence of a sharp carbonyl absorption peak (1800-1650 cm ) in the extracts from the parent coal and in those obtained at yields less than about 10% wt dmmf. The peak, which is attributed to ketones and carboxylates, disappeared at higher conversions (16). Whitehurst and co-workers (12) established that carbonyl- containing compounds, such as esters and carboxylates, can cleave under thermal treatment to produce CO, CO2 and phenols. They concluded that the evolution of these gases during coal liquefaction could originate from the decomposition of similar oxygen functionalities in the coal. 

Analyses of the acetylated chloroform-insoluble residues (the acetylation reaction converts aliphatic and aromatic -OH groups to esters, allowing them to be clearly distinguished from water in the FTIR spectra) showed a similar rapid disappearance of the derivatized -OH groups above about 20% chloroform-solubles yield (16). ... 

---