Auger spectroscopy-microscopy

As the chemical reactivity of MoS2 is associated with edges, we would expect this Co-Mo-S phase to be found at or near the edges. Scanning Auger spectroscopy and electron microscopy provide evidence that this is indeed the case. 

Auger spectroscopy can also be used in a scanning mode (scanning Auger microscopy, or SAM) to yield surface topographical and elemental distribution data (30). 

Complete characterization of poisoned catalysts, of course, requires much more than chemical analysis. For example, the interaction of poisons with catalyst constituents and with each other has been studied by X-ray diffraction and by electron microscopy, the morphology of the poison deposits by optical methods, the distribution within the catalyst pellets and washcoats by the microprobe, and the distribution of poison on the surface of the active metals by Auger spectroscopy. 

The use of photoresists to cover most of the metal surface and isolate individual pits has made possible detailed analysis of these entities, varying in radius from around 0.1 to 5 pm. The methods of examination include Auger spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray dispersive analysis, and atomic force microscopy (Ke and Alkyre, 1995). 

Phase composition, distribution character of the modifier particles on the surface of graphite particles has been analyzed using the X-ray studies, the Auger spectroscopy, electron microscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry. The investigations have been performed using the following equipment DRON-4-07 X-ray diffractometer (filtered CoKa radiation), LAS-2000 Auger spectrometer (Riber, France), JSM-840 electron microscope (Japan). 

Characterization thus involves analytical electron microscopy, ordinary microprobe analysis or other techniques for localizing elements or chemical compounds (Scanning Auger Spectroscopy, Raman Microprobe, Laser Microprobe Mass Spectrometry). It also requires, in most cases, some physical separation of the catalyst for separate analysis (e.g., near surface parts and center of pellets, by peeling or progressive abrasion pellets present at various heights in the catalyst bed, etc.). 

The surface composition of the uncoated, patterned wafer was analyzed by Auger spectroscopy. Line quality and surface detail at each key process step were examined by scanning electron microscopy using samples overcoated with lOOA of a platinum/gold alloy. 

Layer-by-layer atomic composition of the films was determined by Auger spectroscopy (PHI-660 Perkin Elmer) after five second ion-beam cleaning of the films surface. Films structure was investigated by scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 

If the same level of spatial resolution is attained near a crack tip, we will see the nucleation of dislocations in its vicinity. An example of crack tip dislocation nucleation as evidenced in electron microscopy is given in fig. 13.3. Once the material fails, we can also subject it to post-mortem chemical and structural analysis. Using techniques such as Auger spectroscopy, the chemical profile of the failed material may be queried. Again, our main point is to note the diversity of the various geometric signatures of mechanical response. 

Tompkins (1978) concentrates on the fundamental and experimental aspects of the chemisorption of gases on metals. The book covers techniques for the preparation and maintenance of clean metal surfaces, the basic principles of the adsorption process, thermal accommodation and molecular beam scattering, desorption phenomena, adsorption isotherms, heats of chemisorption, thermodynamics of chemisorption, statistical thermodynamics of adsorption, electronic theory of metals, electronic theory of metal surfaces, perturbation of surface electronic properties by chemisorption, low energy electron diffraction (LEED), infra-red spectroscopy of chemisorbed molecules, field emmission microscopy, field ion microscopy, mobility of species, electron impact auger spectroscopy. X-ray and ultra-violet photoelectron spectroscopy, ion neutralization spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, appearance potential spectroscopy, electronic properties of adsorbed layers. 

Catalyst activities for CO oxidation were measured in a continuous flow system. Other characterization techniques employed were X-ray diffraction, Temperature Programed Reduction, Auger spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy. 

Brainard, W.A. Buckley, D.H. "Adhesion and Friction of PTFE in Contact With Metals as Studied by Auger Spectroscopy, Field Ion and Scanning Electron Microscopy," WEAR, 26, pp. 75-93,... 

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