Arterial umbilical

Ko, Y., Glodny, B., Stier, S., et al. 1997. Angiotensin type-1 (ATI) receptor gene expression in primarily cultured human arterial umbilical endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 53 417-421. 

Expression (Human) Tissues Leukocytes, thymus, spleen, liver, ovary Cells PBLs, neutrophils,T-cells, dendritic cells, mast cells, eosinophils, macrophages, leukocytes Tissues spleen, small intestine, placenta, lung smooth muscle, Cells bronchial smooth muscle, CD34+ hemapoietic progenitor cells, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, PBLs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells Tissues, heart, skeletal muscle, spleen, brain, lymp node, adrenal medulla, lung, human pumonary/ saphenous vein Cells monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, cardiac muscle, coronary artery, PBLs... 

The initial component of the PTX-induced contraction is selectively inhibited by ouabain, whereas the second component is rather potentiated by it (77). A similar inhibitory effect of ouabain on the contractile response to PTX is observed in the umbilical artery, which is devoid of adrenergic innervation 18). 

Placental transfer of trichloroethylene occurs in animals. Trichloroethylene inhaled by pregnant sheep and goats, at levels used to induce analgesia and anesthesia, is rapidly distributed into the fetal circulation, with peak levels occurring approximately 40-50 minutes after maternal exposure (Helliwell and Hutton 1950). The concentration of trichloroethylene in umbilical vein blood was comparable to that found in the maternal carotid artery. 

Nair, X. Contractile responses of guinea pig umbilical arteries to various hallucinogenic agents. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 9 535-542, 1974. 

MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cells are derived from distal tubules, whereas LLC-PKi are from proximal tubes. b BMEC (brain microvessel endothelial cells) are isolated from capillaries. BPAEC (bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells), BAEC (bovine aortic endothelial cells), and HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) are large vessel endothelia. 

Later on, the importance of xanthine oxidase as the producer of reoxygenation injury was questioned at least in the cells with low or no xanthine oxidase activity. Thus, it has been shown that human and rabbit hearts, which possess extremely low xanthine oxidase activity, nonetheless, develop myocardial infractions and ischemia-reperfusion injury [9], However, recent studies supported the importance of the xanthine oxidase-catalyzed oxygen radical generation. It has been showed that xanthine oxidase is partly responsible for reoxygenation injury in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells [10], human umbilical vein and lymphoblastic leukemia cells [11], and cerebral endothelial cells [12], Zwang et al. [11] concluded that xanthine dehydrogenase may catalyze superoxide formation without conversion to xanthine oxidase using NADH instead of xanthine as a substrate. 

R2. Reutelingsperger, C. R, Homstra, G., and Hemker, H. C., Isolation and partial purification of a novel anticoagulant from arteries of human umbilical cord. Eur. J. Biochem. 151, 625-629 (1985). 

Examine liver, gallbladder (mouse), stomach, spleen, pancreas, intestines, kidneys, adrenal gland, ureters, bladder, umbilical artery, genital organs, dorsal aorta, and caudal vena cava. Possible abnormalities that can be observed include absent renal papilla, dilated ureter(s), and displaced testis. 

Halichlorine (1) (Fig. 11.1) is an alkaloid which was isolated from the marine sponge H. okadai Kadota (Kuramoto et ah, 1996). This compound was revealed to be a novel alkaloid containing an azaspiro[4.5]decane skeleton clarified by detailed spectroscopic analyses. The absolute stereostructure was confirmed by many synthetic studies (Arimoto et ah, 1998 Clive et ah, 2005 Liu et ah, 2009 Trauner et ah, 1999). Halichlorine was shown to inhibit the induction of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Drugs that block the inflammatory stimuli-induced expression of VCAM-1 may be useful for treating atherosclerosis, coronary artery diseases, angina, and noncardiovascular inflammatory diseases (Kock et ah, 1995). We introduce here the recent aspects of the biological and physiological activities of halichlorine. 

I have never understood the reasons that there might be connection between the twitching of a umbilical artery in a sheep and the appearance of an insight in the mind of man. And, I have never personally met this pharmacologist. Some day, 1 hope to do both. 

Rotmensch S, Liberati M, Celentano C, Efrat Z, Bar-Hava I, Kovo M, Golan A, Moravski G, Ben-Rafael Z. The effect of betamethasone on fetal biophysical activities and Doppler velocimetry of umbilical and middle cerebral arteries. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1999 78(9) 768-73. 

Figure 12.9 Endothelial cell-specific nuclear import of plasmids. Growth-arrested African Green Monkey kidney epithelial cells (TC7), human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HSMCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUYECs) were microinjected in the nucleus (top) and cytoplasm with CMV-driven, GFP-expressing plasmids containing either no additional sequences (open bars), the SV40 enhancer (striped bars), or the flk-1 promoter (shaded bars). Eight hours after injection, the cells were visualized for GFP expression by fluorescence microscopy. Whereas all three plasmids supported GFP expression when delivered into the nucleus of all three cell types, only the SV40 enhancer mediated nuclear import and gene expression in all cells when injected into the cytoplasm. As predicted, the flk-1 promoter caused import and expression only in cells in which transcription factors necessary for its expression and import were made, namely endothelial cells.

The transfection data summarized in Fig. 13 were obtained with primary human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC). Vascular endothelial cells, acting as an interface between circulating blood and tissues, are known to be involved in inflammatory processes, in atherosclerosis and angiogenesis, and represent a remarkable challenge as a gene therapy target. Their therapy with nonviral vectors... 

Day HE, Campeau S, Watson SJ, Jr., Akil H (1997) Distribution of ocia-, ocib- anspinal cord. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy 13 115-39 Dennedy MC, Houlihan DD, McMillan H, Morrison JJ (2002) (J2- and (J3-adrenoreceptor ago-nists human myometrial selectivity and effects on umbilical artery tone. Am J Obstet Gynecol... 

Ruhle W, Graf Von Ballestrem CL, Pult HM, Gnirs J (1995) [Correlation of cotinine levels in amniotic fluid, umbilical arterial blood and maternal blood.] Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd, 55 156-159 (in German). 

Two umbilical arteries from the foetus carry blood to the placenta and a single umbilical vein returns blood from the placenta back to the foetus. The functions of the placenta in pregnancy are to supply oxygen and nutrients from the maternal circulation to the foetus and to remove waste materials, such as urea and carbon dioxide, from foetal blood. 

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