Partial purification

An interesting property of DBBF—hemoglobin is its thermal stability. This property has been used to achieve both a partial purification of the cmde reaction mixture after cross-linking and inactivation of vimses in the final product (101,102). 

An integrated process for producing chlorine dioxide that can consume chlorine (46) involves the use of hydrochloric acid as the reductant. The spent chlorine dioxide generator Hquor is used as feed for chlorate production, and hydrogen gas from chlorate production is burned with chlorine to produce hydrochloric acid. The principal disadvantage in the integrated hydrochloric acid-based processes is that the chlorine dioxide gas contains Y2 mole of chlorine for each mole of chlorine dioxide produced. A partial purification is achieved by absorption in chilled water in which the solubiHty of chlorine is less than chlorine dioxide however, this product stiU contains 10—15% chlorine on the basis of total chlorine and chlorine dioxide. 

In initial purification steps the goal is to obtain concentration with partial purification of the product, which is recovered either as a precipitate (precipitation), a solution in a second phase (liquid-liquid extraction), or adsorbed to solids (adsor ptiou, chromatography). 

The basis for the separation is that when two polymers, or a polymer and certain salts, are mixed together in water, they are incompatible, leading to the formation of two immiscible but predominantly aqueous phases, each rich in only one of the two components [Albertsson, op. cit. Kula, in Cooney and Humphrey (eds.), op. cit., pp. 451 71]. A phase diagram for a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-Dextran, two-phase system is shown in Fig. 22-85. Proteins are known to distribute unevenly between these phases. This uneven distribution can be used for the selective concentration and partial purification of the products. Partitioning between the two phases is controlled by the polymer molecular weight and concentration, protein net charge and... 

Protamine kinase (from rainbow trout testes) [37278-10-7] [EC 2.7.1.70]. Partial purification by hydoxylapatite chromatography followed by biospecific chromatography on nucleotide coupled Sepharose 4B (the nucleotide was 8-(6-aminohexyl)amine coupled cyclic-AMP). [Jergil et al. Biochem J139 441 1974.]... 

Extraction and partial purification of photoprotein. The solubility and general luminescence characteristics of the S. luminosa photoprotein are similar to those reported for the S. oualaniensis photoprotein the protein is soluble in buffer solutions containing 0.6-1.0 M salt but not in solutions containing 0.1-0.2 M salt, and the luminescence is pH-dependent. In the extraction of S. oualaniensis,... 

Campbell, A. K. (1974). Extraction, partial purification and properties of obelin, the calcium-activated luminescent protein from the hydroid Obelia geniculata. Biochem. J. 143 411—418. 

Johnson, F. H., Stachel, H. D., Shimomura, O., and Haneda, Y. (1966). Partial purification of the luminescence system of a deep-sea shrimp Hoplophorus gracilorostris. In Johnson, F. FI., and Haneda, Y. (eds.), Bioluminescence in Progress, pp. 523-532. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. 

Shimomura, O., Johnson, F. H., and Saiga, Y. (1963d). Partial purification and properties of the Odontosyllis luminescence system. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 61 275-292. 

The aerial part of sage was successively extracted with water, potassium oxalate, DMSO and KOH, and gave rise to different fractions with bioactivity. Partial purification of the water extract gave rise to a polydisperse fraction called A, that based on the monosaccharide composition, IR, and NMR, was thought to be composed of arabinogalactans associated with the highly ramified rhamnogalacturonans core. Fracfion B, exfracfed wifh oxalate, was... 

While none of these neutrophil receptors has yet been sequenced, partial purification of the formyl peptide receptors has been reported (16). The formyl peptide receptor is particularly attractive because of the extensive structure-activity studies on peptide ligands by Freer and coworkers (17,18). The receptor is a trans-membrane glycoprotein with apparent molecular weight of 60,000 based on proteolysis (19) and photoaffinity (20) labeling studies. 

Rauser, W.E. (1984). Isolation and partial purification of cadmium-binding protein from roots of the grass Agrostis gigantea. Plant Physiology, 74, 1025-9. 

De Luca, V. and Ibrahim, R. K. 1985a. Enzymatic synthesis of polymethylated flavonols of Chrys-osplenium americarmm. I. Partial purification and some properties of S-adenosyl-L-methionine flavonol 3-, 6-, 7-, and 4 -0-methyltransferases. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 238 596-605. 

FRASER p D, SCHUCH w and BRAMLEY p M (2000) Ph)4oene synthase from tomato Lycopersicon esculentum) chloroplasts - partial purification and biochemical properties , Planta, 211, 361-9. 

Rodoni, S. et al.. Partial purification and characterization of red chlorophyll catabolite reductase, a stroma protein involved in chlorophyll breakdown. Plant Physiol, 115, 677, 1997. 

Fraser, P.D., Schuch, W., and Bramley, P.M., Phytoene synthase from tomato (Lyco-persicon esculentum) chloroplasts partial purification and biochemical properties, Planta 211, 361, 2000. 

Rodgers, M.W. and Bolwell, G.P. (1992) Partial purification of golgi-bound arabinosyltransferase and two isofotms of xylosyltransferase from french bean Phaseolus vulgaris L.). BiochemJ. 288 817-822. 

Partial purification of pectinesterase preparation enlarged to some extent its specific activity. 

Bamforth CW, PJ Large (1977) Solubilization, partial purification and properties of A-methylglutamate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas aminovorans. Biochem J 161 357-370. 

Two general approaches have been used to overcome matrix effects (1) partial purification of the analyte prior to analysis by immunoassay ( cleanup methods) and (2) the use of a matrix blank when preparing the calibration curve. Both options are widely used, but each has its individual limitations. 

Artolozaga, M. J., Jonas, R., Schneider, A. L., Furlan, S. A., and Carvalho-Jones, M. F., One step partial purification of fi-D-ga lactosidase from Kluyveromyces marxianus CDB 002 using STREAMLINE-DEAE, Bioseparation, 7, 137, 1998. 

Various bioassay methods have been used to detect the "natural" release of allelopathic agents. Sane authors preferred, after partial purification, to assay the extracts by petri dish methods for gemination, growth of roots or shoots and other symptoms of seedlings. The bioassays also included tests in soil or sand and also in nutrient solution (Table 3). 

Ueda N, Kurahashi Y, Yamamoto S, Tokunaga T. Partial purification and characterization of the porcine brain enzyme hydrolyzing and synthesizing anandamide. J Biol Chem 1995 270 23823-23827. 

Ponnazhagan, S., and Kwon, B. S. (1992). A cis-acting element involved in mouse tyrosinase gene expression and partial purification of its binding protein. Pigment Cell Res. 5 155-161. 

Fleischmann, R, K. Studer et al. (2002). Partial purification and kinetic characterization of a carotenoid cleavage enzyme from quince fruit (Cydonia oblonga). J. Agric. Food Chem. 50(6) 1677-1680. 

S. Singh, M. Scigelova, and D. H. G. Crout, Glycosidase-catalysed synthesis of mannobioses by the reverse hydrolysis activity of alpha-mannosidase Partial purification of alpha-mannosidases from almond meal, limpets and Aspergillus niger, Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 11 (2000) 223-229. 

Cabanes J, Escribano J, Gandia-Herrero F, Garcia-Carmona F nd Jimenez-Atienzar M. 2007. Partial purification of latent polyphenol oxidase from peach (Prumis persica L. Cv. Catherina). Molecular properties and kinetic characterization of soluble and membrane-bound forms. J Agric Food Chem 55(25) 10446-10451. 

Perez-Gilabert M, Morte A, Honrubia M and Garcia-Carmona F. 2001. Partial purification, characterization, and histochemical localization of fully latent desert truffle (Terfezia claveryi Chatin) polyphenol oxidase. J Agric Food Chem 49(4) 1922-1927. 

Shiman, R., Akino, M. and Kaufman, S. Solubilization and partial purification of tyrosine hydroxylase from bovine adrenal medulla./. Biol. Chem. 246 1330-1340,1971. 

KREUZALER, F., HAHLBROCK, K., Enzymic synthesis of an aromatic ring from acetate units partial purification and some properties of flavanone synthase from cell-suspension cultures of Petroselinum hortense, Eur. J. Biochem., 1975, 56, 205-213. 

GUO, L., POULTON, J.E., Partial purification and characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana UDPG Thiohydroximate glucosyltransferase, Phytochemistry, 1994, 36, 1133-1138. 

Fung and colleagues examined the metabolic conversion of organic nitrates in sub-cellular fractions of bovine coronary artery smooth muscle cells [66, 67]. They found NO-generating capacity to be present in membrane fractions and, with the use of marker enzymes, identified plasma membrane as the primary location. The enzyme involved in bioconversion was not glutathione-S-transferase [68] and differed from those that catalyse activation of organic nitrites [69]. Partial purification [70] established that the molecular sizes of the native enzyme and subunits were approximately 200 kDa and 58 kDa respectively, and that enzymic activity depends on the presence of a free thiol group. 

Dilute the 100,0OOg supernatant with Tris-HCl, 20 mM pH 7.5, 10% glycerol, 3 mMsodium azide, 10 mMmercaptoethanol to achieve partial purification of the enzymes. 

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