Water arsenic in drinking

Arsenic is a known human carcinogen, found in drinking water in many parts of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set the upper limit for arsenic in drinking water at ten parts per billion (10 ppb). The legal limit in the United States, set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is 50 ppb. 

Yang C-Y, Chang C-C, Tsai S-S, Chuang H-Y, Ho C-K, Wu T-N (2003) Arsenic in drinking water and adverse pregnancy in an arseniasis-endemic area in northeastern Taiwan. Environ Res 91 29-34... 

Schoof, R.A., L.J. Yost, E. Crecelius, K. Irgolic, W. Goessler, H.R. Guo, and H. Greene. 1998. Dietary arsenic intake in Taiwanese districts with elevated arsenic in drinking water. Human Ecol. Risk Assess. 4 117-135. 

Smith, A.H., M.F. Biggs, F. Moore, R. Haque, and C. Steinmaus. 1998. Extrapolating cancer risks for arsenic in drinking water. SEGH 3rd Inter. Conf. Arsenic Expos. Health Effects 25. 

Ingested arsenic localizes to the skin [2, 7], where it may alter cutaneous immune responses. The delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was suppressed in Bowen s disease patients [8], Langerhans cells (LC) in skin lesions and perilesioned skin from arsenic-induced Bowen s disease and carcinomas were reduced in number and were morphologically altered, having a notable loss of dendrites [9], These data suggest that chronic exposure to arsenic in drinking water may... 

Do, T. et al., Urinary transforming growth factor-alpha in individuals exposed to arsenic in drinking water in Bangladesh, Biomarkers, 6, 127, 2001. 

USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1998. Arsenic in drinking water Arsenic Research Plan, Office of Water. 

When the feed was supplied to the column at the flow rate of SV 10, the concentration of arsenic in the column effluent was lower than 0.01 ppm, which is the level of arsenic in drinking water set by the World Health Organization. 1 The pH of the column effluent was also around 6 in the case of the flow rate of the feed was 10 h 1. On the other hand, the concentration of arsenic in the column effluents tends to increase with an increase in flow rate of feeds as judged from Fig. 5. Then, flow rates higher than SV 20 h 1 seems to be inadequate. 

Bates, M.N., Smith, A.H. and Cantor, K.P. (1995). Case-control study of bladder cancer and arsenic in drinking water. Am. J. Epidemiol., 141, 523-30. Butterton, J. and Calderwood, S. (2001). Acute infectious diarrheas and bacterial intoxications, in Harrison s Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th ed., Lublin, Czelej, 1181-1188. 

Hopenhayn-Rich, C., Biggs, M.L. and Smith, A.H. (1998), Lung and kidney cancer mortality associated with arsenic in drinking water in Cordoba, Argentina, Int. J. Epidemiol., 27, 561-569. 

Ahmad SA, Sayed MH, Barua S, et al Arsenic in drinking water and pregnancy outcomes. Environ Health Perspect 109(6) 629-31,2001... 

Smith A, Hopenhayn-Rich C, Bates MN, et al Cancer risks from arsenic in drinking water. Environ Health Perspect 91-.Vi -KTl 1992... 

Health Canada - Arsenic in Drinking Water. Online. Available HTTP environment/arsenic.html> (accessed 9 April 2003). 

Health Canada provides information on the health effects of arsenic in drinking water. 

Dermatologic lesions associated with chronic ingestion of arsenic in drinking water. (Photo courtesy of Dipankar Chakraborti, PhD.)... 

National Research Council, Arsenic in Drinking Water 2001 Update (Washington, D.C. National Academy Press, 2001). 

In Bangladesh, 15-25% of the population is exposed to unsafe levels of arsenic in drinking water from aquifers in contact with arsenic-containing minerals. The analytical problem is to reliably and cheaply identify wells in which arsenic is above 50 parts per billion (ppb). Arsenic at this level causes vascular and skin diseases and cancer. 

J. B. Voit, Low-Level Determination of Arsenic in Drinking Water, ... 

Samanta, G. and Clifford, D.A. (2006) Influence of sulfide (S2 -) on preservation and speciation of inorganic arsenic in drinking water. Chemosphere, 65(5), 847-53. 

Duker, A.A., Carranza, E.J.M. and Hale, M. (2005) Spatial relationship between arsenic in drinking water and Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in the Amansie West district, Ghana. Mineralogical Magazine, 69(5), 707-17. 

Erickson, M.L. and Barnes, R.J. (2005) Glacial sediment causing regional-scale elevated arsenic in drinking water. Ground Water, 43(6), 796-805. 

Atherosclerosis is a pathogenic response of the intima of the arterial vessel walls to noxious stimuli. It is characterized by lipids depositing in the vessel walls, which leads to wall narrowing. This can progress to IHD. Exposure to arsenic in drinking water is associated with an increased prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in a dose-response relationship. In a cross-sectional study, Wang et al. (2002) assessed... 

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