Lipid deposition

Seo HS, Lombardi DM, Polinsky P, et al. Peripheral vascular stenosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice—potential roles of lipid deposition, medial atrophy, and adventitial inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 1997 17(12) 3593—3601. 

Triglyceride biosynthesis proceeds with the involvement of the lipids deposited in fat tissue or in other tissues of the organism. This process is localized in the hyaloplasm of cells. 

Le Bellego L, Van Milgen J and Noblet J (2002), Effect of high ambient temperature on protein and lipid deposition and energy utilization in growing pigs , Anim Sci, 75, 85-96. 

Lipid deposition within the wall of the artery begins to intrude into the lumen If the plaque fragments at this stage, bleeding will occur leading to platelet aggregation and fibrin deposition onto the plaque. 

Of the two subjects, Mr Leene is at the greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite his healthier lifestyle Mr Leene has a family history of vascular disease (brother who died of a stroke), clinical signs of lipid deposits (yellow patches in skin) and a very poor lipid profile. Lipid-lowering drug intervention is required in this subject. 

Atherosclerosis is a condition of the organism characterized by elevated levels of atherogenic lipoproteins in blood plasma, lipid deposits (including cholesterol) in the form of esters inside walls of the arterial system, and it is expressed by a gradual difficulty of blood circulation. The most appropriate name for this disease is lipoproteinemia. Clinically, it is manifested in the form of ischemic heart disease, stroke, abnormal cerebral blood flow, and peripheral ischemia. 

The plasma lipoproteins are spherical macromolecular complexes of lipids and specific proteins (apolipoproteins or apoproteins). The lipoprotein particles include chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). They differ in lipid and protein composition, size, and density (Figure 18.13). Lipoproteins function both to keep their component lipids soluble as they transport them in the plasma, and also to provide an efficient mechanism for transporting their lipid contents to (and from) the tissues. In humans, the transport system is less perfect than in other animals and, as a result, humans experience a yradual deposition of lipid—especially cholesterol—in tissues. This is a potentially life-threat-en ng occurrence when the lipid deposition contributes to plaque formation, causing the narrowing of blood vessels (atherosclerosis). 

Atherosclerosis is a pathogenic response of the intima of the arterial vessel walls to noxious stimuli. It is characterized by lipids depositing in the vessel walls, which leads to wall narrowing. This can progress to IHD. Exposure to arsenic in drinking water is associated with an increased prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in a dose-response relationship. In a cross-sectional study, Wang et al. (2002) assessed... 

Bioaccumulation can lead to a delayed onset of toxicity, since the toxicant may be initially sequestered in lipid deposits but is mobilized to target sites of toxicity... 

The close relationship between the level of lipid deposition in planktonivorous fish and the condition of their nutritive base provides indirect evidence of severe food competition, as noted in Chapter 6. 

Moore, J.W. and Potter, I.C. (1976). Aspects of feeding and lipid deposition and utilisation in the lamprey. Journal of Animal Ecology 45,699-712. 

Elias, P.M. and Brown, B.E., The mammalian cutaneous permeability barrier defective barrier function in essential fatty acid deficiency correlates with the abnormal intercellular lipid deposition, Lab. Invest., 39, 574, 1978. 

Differential diagnoses of peripheral neuropathy were entertained. Laboratory tests revealed that serum parameters for electrolytes and proteins were all within the normal range. Urine porphyrinogen and porphobilinogen levels were normal. Tests were negative for serum rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibodies, the latter used in detection of connective tissue diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and polyarteritis nodosa that could present with features of peripheral neuropathy. Nerve conduction studies of the radial, ulnar, and median nerves revealed delayed conduction. Biopsies of the ulnar and radial nerves showed loss of nerve fibers and sudanophilic (indicating lipid) deposits in the Schwann cells of the neurons. Similarly, the yellowish plaques of the pharynx showed abundant macrophages filled with sudanophilic material. These deposits were not membrane-bound. 

Ming-Peng et al. (1990) studied high density lipoproteins and prevention of experimental atherosclerosis in tree shrews (Tupaia belangera yunalis). In contrast to rabbits, no increased lipid deposition in aortic intima after cholesterol feeding was found in tree shrews. 

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