Aphid spray

Nicotine is used as a contact insecticide for aphids attacking fmits, vegetables, and ornamentals, and as a fumigant for greenhouse plants and poultry mites. Nicotine sulfate is safer and more convenient to handle and the free alkaloid is rapidly Hberated by the addition of soap, hydrated lime, or ammonium hydroxide to the spray solution. Nicotine sprays commonly contain 0.05—0.06% nicotine, and nicotine dusts, 1—2% nicotine. 

Under normal insect infestations (mites and aphids) encountered in the state of Washington, a spray program of not more than three cover sprays at a concentration of not more than 0.5 to 1 pound of the 25% wettable powder per 100 gallons of water should give... 

Boiling Point, Refrac- tive Index at Density at Solubility in Water Concn. of spray soln., Kill of aphids, Remarks and References... 

To make a spray to rid a plant of aphids or caterpillars, simmer 8 oz. of leaves in 1 quart of water for 30 minutes, stirring several times. Cool and strain out the herbs. Add 1 tsp. of dishwashing liquid and... 

The oriental fruit fly and the banana aphid vector of bunchy-top have so far been found only in the Pacific, the former as far east as Hawaii and the latter in Australia. Control measures for the fruit fly are insecticidal sprays and biological control. Bunchy-top is being held under control with insecticide spray of banana aphids and roguing of diseased plants. 

Look out for aphids on young shoots and leaves from spring onward. Squash these by hand or spray with insecticidal soap. Sow flowers to attract aphid predators (see p.95). 

Aphids are a little more resistant to a simple castiie soap spray, so I recommend using insecticidal soap on them. These soaps contain salts of fatty acids and are quite safe to use, even within days of harvest. The directions say the soap can be left on, but I wash the leaves off the following day after application just to be safe. 

I have had good results combatting whitefly (and to a lesser degree aphids) simply by spraying the underside of... 

Aphids are a little more resistant to a simple castile soap spray, so I recommend using insecticidal soap on them. 

Liquid soap or detergent, measuring spoons, pump-spray bottles, plants infested with household or garden insect pests such as houseflies or aphids... 

I have had good results combating whitefly (and to a lesser degree aphids) simply spraying the underside of the leaves with a solution of 1 tsp. liquid castile soap (such as Dr. Bronner s unscented) to 1 qt. of water. The soap breaks down the insects protective coating and they drown. The plants can be rinsed off the following day with clean water. You will want to repeat this procedure once a week for a couple of weeks to kill any pupa that survived the initial spraying and have turned into adults. 

Uses Technical ethion is an odorless amber liquid. Ethion is used to kill aphids, mites, scales, thrips, leafhoppers, maggots, and foliar feeding larvae. It may be used on a wide variety of foods, fibers, and ornamental crops, including greenhouse crops, lawns, and turf. Ethion often is used on citrus and apples. It is mixed with oil and sprayed on dormant trees to kill eggs and scales. Ethion also may be used on cattle. It is available in dust, emulsifiable concentrate, emulsifiable solution, granular, and wettable powder formulations.28... 

In this method, a known amount of the insecticide dissolved in a volatile solvent such as acetone is added to a glass jar and then rotated, allowing the insecticide to coat the entire surface while the solvent evaporates. The dose is varied by the amount of solution added to the jar. Another method for testing deposits of insecticide is to apply a spray (solution or suspension) to a Petri dish using a precision sprayer such as the Potter precision laboratory spray tower (Figures 5.1 and 5.2). This device delivers a known volume of spray in a fine mist, which settles on the surface to be treated. In tests with aphids or spider mites, a leaf substrate contained in a Petri dish can be sprayed by the spraying apparatus. 

In the event of rosy apple aphid infestation occurring during spring or summer, the shoots should be cut off and removed from the orchard if more than 5% of shoots are affected. Spraying should be carried out after that. 

Very slow action, so spraying to control woolly aphid needs to be... 

Areas of application Mode of action How obtained Remarks Aphids, blossom weevils and other weevils, tortricids, winter moth, bugs, noctuid moths Contact, ingestion and inhalation insecticide Pyrethrum is produced from chrysanthemums and contains piperonyl butoxide as an additive which increases UV stability Very broad spectrum of action Not completely harmless to beneficials Pyrethrum is poisonous to fish Sprays consisting of pyrethrum alone are also commercially available (e.g. Spruzit)... 

Areas of application Mode of action How obtained Remarks Codling moths, tortrix moths, aphids, leaf miners Contact insecticide Ryania is obtained from the wood of Ryania speciosa Broad spectrum of action More persistent than pyrethrum-rotenone sprays Poisonous to fish Not registered in the EU at present... 

Areas of application Mode of action Remarks Aphids, pear suckers Direct insecticidal action is only moderate, dissolves honeydew Russeting can occur under dry weather conditions Spraying at apple blossom time has a thinning effect... 

---