Antioxidants anticancer activity

Huge literature on biological functions of flavonoids and their antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities successfully competes with work on antioxidant effects of vitamins E and C. Flavonoids have been reported to exert multiple biological effects and exhibit antiinflammatory, antiallergic, antiviral, and anticancer activities [85 89], However, considering flavonoids as the inhibitors of free radical-mediated processes, two types of their reactions should be discussed flavonoids as free radical scavengers (antioxidants) and flavonoids as metal chelators. 

Keywords Antibacterial activity, anticancer activity, antioxidant properties, antiviral activity, cell protection, contrast agent, drag delivery, photodynamic therapy, protein interaction, radiotherapy, toxicity... 

Because of human consumption of plant and plant products, there has been much interest on the impact of flavonoids on human health and this has been recently reviewed [149, 150 and ref therein]. Additionally, Passamonti et al. [151] have recently reviewed the issue of bioavailability of dietary flavonoids. Citrus flavonoids have been shown to have many beneficial effects on human health including anti-inflammatory activity, anticancer activity, antioxidant activity, and protection against coronary heart disease [reviewed in 152-154]. This has led to... 

Like folate and vitamin C, vitamin B6 (pyroxidine) is water soluble and like folate has several vitamers. Vitamin B6 may be involved in more bodily functions than any other nutrient (Tambasco-Studart et al., 2005), is a cofactor for many enzymes, especially those involved in protein metabolism, and is also a cofactor for folate metabolism. Vitamin B6 has anticancer activity (Theodoratou et al., 2008), is a strong antioxidant (Denslow et al., 2005), is involved in hemoglobin biosynthesis, lipid and glucose metabolism and immune and nervous system function. Possible consequences of deficiency include anemia, impaired immune function, depression, confusion, and dermatitis (Spinneker et al., 2007). Vitamin B6 deficiency is generally not a problem in the developed world, but there could be as yet poorly defined consequences of suboptimal intake particularly for the elderly. 

The polyphenolics, ubiquitous phytochemicals in the plant kingdom, are important aromatic secondary metabolites of plants. Diverse combinations of polyphenolics are found in plant-based materials. Polyphenolics are important because they are responsible for the color and flavor of fresh and processed products. Some have strong antioxidant and anticancer activities. They are routinely consumed in the human diet in significant quantities. 

Chen J, Wanming D, Zhang D, Liu Q, Kang J. 2005. Water-soluble antioxidants improve the antioxidant and anticancer activity of low concentrations of curcumin in human leukemia cells. Pharmazie 60 57-61. 

Barley reduces cholesterol, has antiviral and anticancer activity, and contains potent antioxidants, including tocotrienols. 

Flaxseed was among the best food sources in the prevention of in vivo spontaneous chromosomal damage in mice (Trentin et al., 2004). The exact reason for the chromosomal damage prevention was not identified however, the mechanism may be related to the antioxidant function of flaxseed components. Lignans have antioxidant activity and thus may contribute to the anticancer activity of flaxseed (Kangas et al., 2002 Kitts et al., 1999 Prasad 1997a, Yuan et al., 1999). 

As this brief excursion into the world of wine principles demonstrates, there are manifold heterocycles that have been detected, isolated, and characterized. Many of them play a decisive role for taste, flavor, smell, and color of wine others play a significant beneficial role to the human health. Due to their antioxidant activity these latter components display cardioprotective abilities and are chemopreventive in antitumor and anticancer activities. Heterocycles are one class of compounds in a much... 

Trans-resveratrol (trans-3,5,4 -trihydroxystilbene) is a non-flavonoid polyphenol found in grapes, mulberries, and other food prod-ucts. It is responsible for the antioxidant activity of red wine. Intake of moderate amount of red wine has been found to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In addition to antioxidant activity, resveratrol could inhibit platelet aggregation, and showed anticancer activity. The phenoxyl radicals of resveratrol produced during oxidation by hydroxyl radicals, one-electron oxidants, and peroxyl radicals showed absorption maximum at 410 nm (Fig. I). Reports indicate that trans-resveratrol is a better radical scavenger than vitamins E and C and its activity is similar to that of the flavonoids epicatechin and quercetin. From the comparison of the spectral and kinetic properties of the transients derived from trans-resveratrol and its analogues, it could be concluded that in the neutral and acidic solutions, the para-hydroxy... 

Vitamin A is necessary for the light reactions of vision, for normal growth and reproduction, and for differentiation and maintenance of epithelial tissues. Vitamin A is an antioxidant and has anticancer activity. 

The ethyl acetate extract of the endophytic Chaetomiumjylobo-sum, isolated from healthy leaves of Egyptian medicinal plant Adicmtum capillus-veneris, collected from Saint Katherine Protectorate, Sinai, Egypt, showed strong antioxidant activity, potent anticancer activity, and promising butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (>85 %) [186]. 

Native to Europe and Africa, it has spread all over, and the root contains anthroquinones and glycosides, along with various tannins and oxalates, which can be poisonous. It was used in the 1930s as a component of the herbal remedy Essiac, or Essiac tea, but was discounted by medical orthodoxy. Then, in 2004, a mixture of Essiac herbs was shown to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro. Subsequent animal studies showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatoiy, and anticancer activity, but further research is needed. 

Antioxidant flavonoid with anticancer activity. Antiproliferative effects on cancer cell lines reduces cancer cell growth via type II estrogen receptors. 

The numerous health related properties of flavonoids, widely described in epidemiological studies, are mainly based on their antioxidant activities. These properties have been found to include anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities, effects on capillary fragility, inhibition of human platelet aggregation and anticancer activity. The antioxidant capacity of any flavonoid will be determined by a combination of the catechol structure in the B-ring, the 2,3-double bond in conjunction with a 4-oxo function, and the presence of both hydroxyl groups in positions 3 and 5. Due to their... 

Unlike the primary metabolites, secondary metabolites have been viewed in the past as the waste products from mistakes of the primary metabolism because they are not involved in respiration, growth/development, and photosynthesis of plants. Now, it is known through much investigation that these compounds play important roles in the interaction of the cell (organism) with its enviromnent, ensuring the survival of the organism in its ecosystem [15-17], In addition, it has been found that many secondary metabolites may have various health-beneficial properties, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. 

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