Polyphenols flavonoids

Kamalakkannan N, Prince PS. (2006) Antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant effect of rutin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 98 97-103. 

Our data suggested that foods with active polyphenolic flavonoids were more resistant than foods with vitamins and related compounds. 

N.A. Lycopodine, polyphenols, flavonoids, triterpenenes." Diuretic, sedative, antispasmodic. Treat chronic urinary complaints. 

Wu SN, Chiang HT, Shen AY, Lo YK. 2003. Differential effects of quercetin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid, on L-type calcium current in pituitary tumor (GH3) cells and neuronal NG108-15 cells. J Cell Physiol 195 298-308. 

Other antioxidant species are synthesized by cells like uric acid, ubiquinol or thiols (cystein, homocystein, etc.). In addition, many compounds found in food display antioxidant properties retinol (vitamin A) and its precursor /(-carotene, and polyphenols (flavonoids, etc.). Figure 8.2 shows the apparent standard potential of some LMWA and ROS explaining the spontaneous oxido-reduction reactions at the origin of the antioxidant protection system. 

Shoulders or peaks were observed at 465, 443 and 425 nm of the visible spectrum (due mainly to the carotenoids present) and 325, 280 and 245 nm of the ultraviolet spectrum (due mainly to polyphenols, flavonoids and ascorbic acid, respectively). Absorbance of the maxima peaks obeyed Beer s law while the 443 325 nm absorbance ratios remained essentially constant. When fruit extractor pressures were increased, the UV absorbance of the resulting juice increased and the 443 325 nm absorbance ratio decreased. Spectra of alcoholic solutions of the rag and albedo components... 

Quercetin, a ubiquitous polyphenolic flavonoid, is one of the most potent natural antioxidants. In addition to its antioxidant properties, quercetin exhibits other activities that may enhance antineoplastic activity. As with genistein, clinical studies are yet to be performed to determine the impact of quercetin on cancer chemotherapy. 

Polyphenolic flavonoids compose the largest and the most studied group of plant phenolics. More than 4000 different flavonoids have been identified to date. Flavonoids are grouped into anthocyanins and anthoxantins. Anthocyanins are glycosides... 

Rice-Evans, C.A. et al., The relative antioxidant activities of plant-derived polyphenolic flavonoids, Free Radio. Res., 22, 375, 1995. 

Aviram, M., Pomegranate juice as a major source for polyphenolic flavonoids and it is most potent antioxidant against LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis, in Proceedings of the 11th Biennial Meeting of the Society for Free Radical Research International (Paris, July 16-20, 2002), by Monduzzi Editore S.p.A.—MEDIMOND, Inc., 523, 2002. 

Some non-enzymatic antioxidants play a key role in these defense mechanisms. These are often vitamins (A, C, E, K), minerals (zinc, selenium), caretenoids, organosulfur compounds, allyl sulfide, indoles, antioxidant cofactors (coenzyme Qio)> and polyphenols (flavonoids and phenolic acids) [1,37]. Further, there is good evidence that bilirubin and uric acid can act as antioxidants to help neutralize certain free radicals [38]. Alpha-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthine [39] can be considered subgroups of carotenoids [40] that are effective antioxidant compounds. 

With nearly 20 years of experience on plant-derived natural products, NPRL has identified numerous active anti-HIV compounds including polycyclic diones, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids and coumarins. Triterpenes have diverse structures and pharmacological activities. 

Research into food safety, both microbial and chemical food safety, has been accompanied by a parallel effort to identify, test, and optimize healthy constituents of foods. The interest in chemicals in foods extends beyond traditional areas - vitamins, essential minerals, etc. - to secondary chemicals sometimes termed phytonutrients or neutraceuticals which have positive health benefits including prevention or alleviation of diabetes, heart disease, Alzheimer s disease, cancer, arthritis, and many other diseases. Food producers use this information as a marketing tool. Compounds of interest include phenols/polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, and several other classes that function as antioxidants,... 

Roles of Polyphenols, Flavonoids, and Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins in Cancer Chemoprevention... 

Examples of Execution of Anticarcinogenic Action via Modulation of Intracellular Molecular Targets by Phenols, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, and OPCs... 

---