Antibodies studies

Weller TH, Coons AH. 1954. Fluorescent antibody studies with agents of varicella and herpes zoster propagated in vitro. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 86 789-794. 

T4. Tobie, J. E., Abele, D. C., Hill, G. J., Contacos, P. G., and Evans, C. B., Fluorescent antibody studies on the immune response in sporozoite induced and blood induced vivax malaria and the relationship of antibody production to parasitaemia. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 15, 676-683 (1966). 

Morris, G. E Frost, L C., Newport, P A., and Hudson, N (1987) Monoclonal antibody studies of creatine kinase Antibody-binding sites in the N-terminal region of creatine kinase and effects of antibody on enzyme refolding. Biochem J 248, 53-59... 

Morris, G. E (1989) Monoclonal antibody studies of creatine kinase The ART epitope evidence for an intermediate in protein folding Biochem J 257,461-469. 

Morris, G E and Cartwright, A J (1990) Monoclonal antibody studies suggest a catalytic site at the interface between domains in creatine kinase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1039, 318-322... 

Johne, B., Gadnell, M., and Hansen, K (1993) Epitope mapping and binding kinetics of monoclonal antibodies studied by real time Biospecific Interaction Analysis using surface plasmon resonance J Immunol Methods 160, 191—198... 

In such cases the antibodies which are elaborated against these antigens are anti-glycosyl antibodies. Studies on the types of anti-glycosyl antibodies induced by different antigens with the same immunodeterminant groups should yield valuable information on the immune process. 

The work by Herzyk et al. [31], however, appears to be unique. To date, there have been no other reports of a human knock-in system being used in risk assessment of neoplasia, and similarly the literature on the use of tumor immunization/rejection models to evaluate the effects on IMBP on neoplasia is very scant. Because of the paucity of data, and because the anti-CD4 antibody studied by Herzyk et al. was never marketed and thus never used widely in patients, it is currently impossible to judge the predictive power of these systems for an increased risk of neoplasia in patients receiving IMBPs. 

Newman-Tancredi A, Cussac D, Audinot V, Pasteau V, Gavaudan S, Millan MJ (1999) G protein activation by human dopamine D3 receptors in high-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells A guanosine-5 -0-(3-[35S]thio)-triphosphate binding and antibody study. Mol Pharmacol 55 564-574. 

Individual animals immunized with the same substance can produce antibodies that may differ in affinities, titer, and specificities. " Such differences are appeu-ent with antibodies studied by the more classical physical chemical procedures. However, even among anti-enzyme sera harvested from individual rabbits that had been immunized with -lactamase, some were found to neutralize the activity of the enzyme, others to stimulate its activity, and still others were stimulatory and then inhibitory at higher concentrations." In radioimmunoassay, each antiserum from an individual animal must be characterized separately to select those that have the proper affinities and specificities. The production of monoclonal antibodies by hybridoma technology can yield molecules with defined specificities and affinities. As this technology becomes affordable for the average research laboratory, problems associated with antibody heterogeneity are due to diminish. 

Irvine, W. J., Gastric antibodies studied by fluorescence microscopy. Quart. J. Exptl. Physiol. 48, 427 (1963). 

BaUester, M. Obrador, D. Carrio, I. Caralps-Riera, J.M. Indium-111 monoclonal antimyosin antibody studies in the diagnosis of rejection and management of patients after heart transplantation. In Monoclonal Antibodies in Cardiovascular Disease Khaw, B.A., Narula, J., Strauss, H.W., Eds. Lee Febiger Philadelphia, 1994 79-98. 

A 51-year-old man, with a 9-year history of renal insufficiency and an alcohol intake of 4 U/week, underwent transplant nephrectomy. At surgery, ascites and liver cirrhosis were noted. A needle biopsy of the liver 1 month later showed nodular regenerative hyperplasia but no cirrhosis. There were subendothehal vacuolated cells, suggestive of modified stellate cells, and there was adjacent focal perisinusoidal fibrosis. His medications included one multivitamin/mineral supplement per day containing vitamin A 4000 lU. His vitamin A concentration was 1045 (reference range 490-720) ng/ml. Viral and antibody studies were negative. 

Wahl, R. L., Barrett, J., Geatti, 0., Liebert, M., Wilson, B. S., Fisher, S and Wagner, J. G. (1988) The intraperitoneal delivery of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies studies on the regional delivery advantage. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 26,187-201. 

Antibodies raised against recombinant Aux/IAA proteins have been used in attempts to identify and characterize these proteins in plant cells. The antibody studies indicate that Aux/IAA proteins are present in cells at very low amounts [26], The low abundance of these proteins appears to result from their rapid turnover rates (i.e., 6-8 minute half-lives)... 

Other work has been on membrane topology, and antibody studies indicate that P450 8A1 is mainly exposed on the cytoplasmic site of the endoplasmic reticulum with a single transmembrane anchor . The (imstable) substrate, prostaglandin H2, is produced in the lumen and apparently passes through the membrane to reach P450 8A1. Antibodies raised to the peptides of the putative substrate channel (66-75 and 95-116) interact only after membrane solubilization, implying that the substrate-access channel is very near the membrane . 

A fluorescent antibody study of the calcium binding protein location has suggested that it is formed in the goblet cells and is secreted from the goblet cells along the surface of the columnar epithelial tissues A wider dispersion of this protein has been suggested from other immunofluorescent antibody studies but the question of specificity of antibody must be taken into account. The exact cellular and subcellular localization of calcium binding protein is as of this date unresolved. 

Table II compares the equilibrium constant for the reaction with adsorbed Mb and with Mb in solution for the antibodies studied. For the clone 1, 2, and 4 antibodies, the equilibrium constant for the reaction with adsorbed Mb compares favorably with the equilibrium constant for the solution reaction, whereas the clone 3.4 and clone 5 antibody affinities are at least 2 orders of magnitude less for the adsorbed Mb.

This pattern holds for all the antibodies studied here (for IgA XAA the Fmax bays the same, see below). All this is consistent with the same subsite arrangement for all of these antibodies. In all cases, except for hybridoma HyG 1 (lack of antibody supply), this was moreover confirmed by comparison of the Kg and Fmax values for the trioside 10 with those for methyl 0-3-deoxy-3-fluoro-p-D-galactopyranosyl-(l- 6)-0-p-D-... 

Table 111 lists the known (28,3A,A3) amino acid sequences for the variable parts of the H and L chains of the seven antibodies studied. Kabat et al. (38) have tabulated the known amino acid sequences of Immtmoglobulins. In there the sequences... 

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