Ammonia reaction with nitric

The methanal and ammonia that split off the cage structure during the reaction with nitric acid need not be wasted. In the large-scale manufacture of cyclonite, a combination of nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, and ethanoic anhydride is used, which results in full utilization of the methanal and ammonia ... 

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is normally used in new nitric acid plants. In this process ammonia reacts with nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide but only to a lesser extent with oxygen to selectively reduce the NOx compounds to N2. The reactions are shown below97,104 ... 

Extension of the computations to take account of nitrogen formation by pyrolysis of ammonia and its reaction with nitric oxide on the catalyst surface should permit better prediction of the performance of industrial converters. 

Many ammonium salts are known. Most are very soluble in water. They can be prepared by reactions of ammonia with acids. Reaction with nitric acid gives ammonium nitrate. 

Combustible solid.Dust may form explosive mixture with air (flash point 334°F/168°C Fire Rating 1). Violent reaction with nitric acid forms explosive nitro materials in the presence of sulfuric acid. Dust and powder forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids, alkalis, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, ammonia, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, nitrates, nitromethane, sodium nitrite, strong oxidizers. On small fires, use dry chemical powder (such as Purple-K-Powder), Halon , alcohol-resistant foam, water spray, or CO2 extinguishers. Combustion produces phthalic anhydride and carbon oxides. 

The Thermal De-NOx process was developed by Richard Lyon at Exxon in the early 1970 s and patented in 1975 [1]. It is one of three SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) schemes for nitrogen oxides (the others are RAPRENOx, or cyanuric acid injection, and urea injection). Such after-treatment processes are commonly used on stationary combustion systems to control NOx emissions. The Thermal De-NOx process uses ammonia as the additive, and the complex reaction by which the ammonia reacts with nitric oxide has a number of fascinating properties that have prompted considerable research over the past 15 years or so. 

Acidic Properties. As a typical acid, it reacts readily with alkaUes, basic oxides, and carbonates to form salts. The largest iadustrial appHcation of nitric acid is the reaction with ammonia to produce ammonium nitrate. However, because of its oxidising nature, nitric acid does not always behave as a typical acid. Bases having metallic radicals ia a reduced state (eg, ferrous and staimous hydroxide becoming ferric and stannic salts) are oxidized by nitric acid. Except for magnesium and manganese ia very dilute acid, nitric acid does not Hberate hydrogen upon reaction with metals. 

Qualitative. The classic method for the quaUtative determination of silver ia solution is precipitation as silver chloride with dilute nitric acid and chloride ion. The silver chloride can be differentiated from lead or mercurous chlorides, which also may precipitate, by the fact that lead chloride is soluble ia hot water but not ia ammonium hydroxide, whereas mercurous chloride turns black ia ammonium hydroxide. Silver chloride dissolves ia ammonium hydroxide because of the formation of soluble silver—ammonia complexes. A number of selective spot tests (24) iaclude reactions with /)-dimethy1amino-henz1idenerhodanine, ceric ammonium nitrate, or bromopyrogaHol red [16574-43-9]. Silver is detected by x-ray fluorescence and arc-emission spectrometry. Two sensitive arc-emission lines for silver occur at 328.1 and 338.3 nm. 

Later, when nitric acid was manufd from synthetic ammonia at relatively low cost, synthetic sodium nitrate was made from it either thru the reaction between nitric acid and soda ash, or by direct absorption of nitrogen dioxide in an aq soln of Na carbonate (see above equation). The Na nitrate-nitrite soln was then heated with excess nitric acid to convert the nitrite to nitrate, and the NO thus produced was recycled to the nitric acid plant (Ref 6)... 

Nitric acid is a strong, monobasic acid. It reacts readily with alkalies, oxides, and basic materials, forming salts. The reaction with ammonia, forming ammonium nitrate, for use as a fertilizer, is by far the largest single industrial outlet for nitric acid... 

H.20 The first stage in the production of nitric acid by the Ostwald process is the reaction of ammonia gas with oxygen gas, producing nitric oxide gas, NO, and liquid water. The nitric oxide further reacts with oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide gas, which, when dissolved in water, produces nitric acid and nitric oxide. Write the three balanced equations that lead to the production of nitric acid. 

NO. Nitric oxide, or nitrogen monoxide, is a colorless gas at room temperature. As we have already seen, it is industrially produced by the oxidation of ammonia. However, with respect to the urban envirorunent, a more significant process is the high temperature reaction of N2 with O2 (as in a car engine) to produce NO. 

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