Research considerations

Another potentially vast resource is seawater. Uranium resources associated with the oceans are estimated at around 4000 million tonnes however, the uranium concentration in seawater is only around 0.003 ppm. The recovery of uranium from seawater is still subject to basic research. Considerable technological developments as well as significant improvements of economics (or drastic increases in uranium prices) are crucial for the commercial use of this resource, which is unlikely in the foreseeable future. As the energy demand for uranium extraction increases with lower concentrations, the net energy balance of the entire fuel cycle is also critical. 

More information is needed about the surface emission and deposition of trace atmospheric species. These fluxes can often be best measured by the eddy correlation technique with fast chemical sensors in conjunction with micrometeorological instrumentation. As analytical techniques for trace species progress, fast and sensitive sensors are becoming available for field research. Consideration must be given to matching the chemical sensors to the eddy correlation technique. 

Continue to develop and enhance population-based surveillance systems for the real-time capture of sentinel health end-points. This includes current surveillance systems such as vital registration for birth size and gestation and birth defects registries for capture of major malformations. Consideration of emerging sentinel end-points such as fecundability, as measured by time to pregnancy and sex ratios, should receive added research consideration. 

Initial bioavailability of the metal is determined by its chemical speciation in the medium. The importance of production of extracellular metal binding organic materials extends to both natural water and research considerations. Plankton response to metals in natural waters is not mediated simply by the total metal concentration. 

The construction of the higher order nonstandard unsplit-field PMLs in curvilinear meshes initiates from the division of a 3-D space, Q, into two areas (separated with a nonplanar interface f) such that Q = f cs U 2pml> where f2cs refers to the computational domain and 2pml is the area occupied by the PML under research. Considerable in the procedure is the extension of the stretched-coordinate theory to nonstandard models [30]. This is performed through the following steps ... 

If that quest has up to now eluded researchers, considerable attention has been placed on the synthesis of hgnin-like polymers using model monomers. Recent results in this context include the work of Kishimoto s group [78]... 

Abstract In this postscript a number of aspects are discussed which include how to measure success, non-spectral dimensionality techniques, and also available implementations. The chapter concludes with future research considerations. 

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