American method

Table 16.2 Analysis of the American method of data collection...

Commercial methods of prepn of polyglycols are described by Ellis (Ref 7) and by Curme and Johnston (Ref 13). One of the American methods consisted of adding to water and ethyleneglycol (or to diethyleneglycol containing a catalytic proportion of NaOH), ethylene oxide at such a rate as to maintain... 

Manuf of Bulk Powders, which included EC Powders, by British.and American methods, was described by Marshall (Ref 2, pp 324—26) and Davis (Ref 5, pp 289—92)... 

The Keonen test" 3 7i, the Netherlands method 37 4 6 and the American method 3 7 4 7 for pressure vessel testing are known as test methods for evaluating fire dangers. For conventional methods for pressure vessel testing, refer to the previous book 1) where they are described in detail. 

American Method. At Edgewood the Americans carried out the synthesis of phosgene by a method similar to that described above, employing, however, a special carbon known as FiUchar as catalyst. What is particularly interesting about this method is the means by which the synthesis from the carbon monoxide and chlorine is carried out. 

American Method. In America, a similar method was employed for the manufacture of ethyl dichloroarsine to that already described for methyl dichloroarsine. It consisted essentially in treating sodium arsenite with diethyl sulphate, then with diethyl sulphate, reducing the product obtained with sulphur dioxide and then chlorinating with hydrochloric acid. 

German Method. The method employed in Germany during the war of 1914-18 for the preparation of this substance differs from the American method only in the employment of ethyl chloride instead of diethyl sulphate. 

According to German claims, it is possible to obtain higher yields of ethyl dichloroarsine by this method than by the American method. 

American Method. The process used by the Americans at Edgewood Arsenal for the manufacture of phenarsazine chloride is based on the reaction of diphenylamine with arsenic chloride ... 

This process differs from the American method more particularly in saving a considerable proportion of the hydrochloric acid (more than two-thirds) and of the arsenious oxide, and also makes it unnecessary to prepare arsenic trichloride. Moreover, all the difficulties attendant on the necessity for utilising or disposing of the large quantities of arsenical products which are invariably obtained in the American process are obviated. 

Manufacture. French method Metallic zinc is heated in a crucible to about 1000°C, and vaporized. Hot air is introduced into the zinc vapour to oxidize it to zinc oxide, which is cooled and collected. American method Coal is added to zinc ores and heated to generate zinc oxide vapour, which is cooled and collected. Heating the nitrate or carbonate of zinc Sodium carbonate is added to the solution of a zinc salt to create basic zinc carbonate, which is washed with water and heated at 600°C. 

American Wire Gauge (AWG) The standard American method of classifying wire diameter. 

The method known as Mazek or RiU, today used in India, was adapted by Mazek Fialla in Europe (1950s) based on a US patent deposited by Steele in 1869, which describes the principle of the fish bmie tapping system to stimulate and collect resin. In this system, V-shaped streaks (2-3 mm wide) are cut in variable intervals (every 24 h, 3 or 7 days) in upward direction, much like in the American method. 

In the American method, horizontal (or V-shaped) strips of bark (2.5-3.0 cm wide) are removed every 14 days, from roughly one third of the tree circumference, exposing the cambium (only the bark and phloem are removed) or preferably the sapwood surface. This method is used in Brazil, Argentina, Portugal, and Spain [79]. The influence of mechanical wounding shape in resin production was tested on slash pines in southern Brazil, indicating that both horizontal and V-shaped streaks were equivalent for oleoresin yield [81]. 

North American Methods. The classification principles adopted by the North American Methods are described in detail in Article 500 of the National Electrical code ANSI/... 

Table 2 Classified Environment Rating as Defined by the North American Methods... 

Zone—Concept is similar to North American Methods Division with some different details. Zone 0—Explosive mixture is continuously present. Encompassed by Division 1 in North America Methods. 

Zone 1—Explosive mixture is likely under normal operation. Also encompassed in Division 1. Zone 2—Equivalent to North American Methods Division 2. 

Canned ripe olives (American method). The production of canned ripe olives is centered in California. The olives are picked when straw yellow to cherry red in color. In the curing process, the olives darken progressively due to the oxidation of the phenolic substances in a basic envi-... 

The methods of processing olives for the table vary widely. However, the three major commercial methods, known after the countries of their origin, ate (1) the Spanish method, in which unripe yellowish-green olives are fermented (2) the American method, in which half-ripe, reddish fruit is used and (3) the Greek method, in which the fully ripe, dark purple fruit is preserved. Additionally, there are numerous local... 

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