Bulk powders

The following definitions are particular to bulk powders handling. 

The need for skill and experience on the part of sample designers and persoimel cannot be overemphasized in chemical plant sampling. Safety precautions are of the utmost importance. Necessary steps must be taken to document the hazards involved in an operation and to ensure that the staff are weU-trained, informed, protected, and capable. Except for bulk powder sampling, most chemical plant sampling is hazardous and difficult and must be designed with care. The following discussions are based on the assumptions that most of these decisions have been made and a satisfactory sampling procedure has been planned. 

Fig. 5. Two samples of a nominally 15-p.m calcium carbonate powder, tumbled in the free-fall tumbling mixer/sampler, taken nine minutes apart. The similarity between the two samples demonstrates that these are probably representative of the bulk powder.

AH steps of manufacture are monitored for antibiotic potency, purity, stabiUty, and bioavailabihty by quaUty control methods. In addition, each batch of bulk powder and each lot of finished pharmaceutical dosage form must be certified by the FDA. During all stages of manufacture the FDA requires compliance with specified standards. 

Test Procedure. Suspend in each bulk powder or proplnt charge container, in the atm above the powder, one strip of 0.1N methyl... 

Chemistry may be a forbidding environment for many nonchemists there are few rules that link basic physics with the observable world, and typical molecules sport so many degrees of freedom that predictions of any kind inevitably involve gross simplifications. So, analytical chemistry thrives on very reproducible measurements that just scratch the phenomenological surface and are only indirectly linked to whatever one should determine. A case in point what is perceived as off-white color in a bulk powder can be due to any form of weak absorption in the VlS(ible) range (X = 400-800 nm), but typically just one wavelength is monitored. 

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