Alternatives - choice

As already mentioned, the choice of the supercooled liquid as reference state has been questioned by some workers who use the saturation vapour pressure of the solid, which is measured at the working temperature in the course of the isotherm determination. The effect of this alternative choice of p° on the value of a for argon adsorbed on a number of oxide samples, covering a wide range of surface areas, is clear from Table 2.11 the average value of is seen to be somewhat higher, i.e. 18 OA. ... 

The source requited for aes is an electron gun similar to that described above for electron microscopy. The most common electron source is thermionic in nature with a W filament which is heated to cause electrons to overcome its work function. The electron flux in these sources is generally proportional to the square of the temperature. Thermionic electron guns are routinely used, because they ate robust and tehable. An alternative choice of electron gun is the field emission source which uses a large electric field to overcome the work function barrier. Field emission sources ate typically of higher brightness than the thermionic sources, because the electron emission is concentrated to the small area of the field emission tip. Focusing in both of these sources is done by electrostatic lenses. Today s thermionic sources typically produce spot sizes on the order of 0.2—0.5 p.m with beam currents of 10 A at 10 keV. If field emission sources ate used, spot sizes down to ca 10—50 nm can be achieved. 

Alternate choice. Fairehild Semieonduetor, at the time of writing this book, released an integrated Sehottky diode and MOSFET where the parallel Sehottky diode is plaeed direetly on the MOSFET silieon die (SyneFET). The SyneFET has a 40 milliohm N-ehannel MOSFET, eopaekaged with a 28 milliohm SyneFET. The part number is FDS6982S. 

Check the last stage hub-to-tip ratio. It should be less than 0.9. If a problem is encountered with meeting this ratio, select another frame. If one frame exceeds the lower limit and the alternative choice exceeds the... 

The preferred accumulator is the bladder type as shown in Figure 8-9. Body material should be 300 series stainless steel, in accordance with. ASTM A 240. Either a manual precharge valve or automatic charging system can be used, based primarily on the user s preference. The alternative choice is a direct contact accumulator as seen in Figure 8-10. This accumulator has several problems. The gas used to pressure the top of the oil will eventually be absorbed by the oil, which can lead to drain line foam-... 

An alternative choice of origin would be midway between A and B planes. Let us say that the first plane at x>0 is then a B plane. It must be weighted with 3/4. The following A plane has the weight 1/4. That completes the termination, which this time is truly tapered. The excess energy of a stoichimetric unit in the perfect crystal is zero. Thus the excess energy of 3B/4+A/4 is equal to the excess energy of B/2, which was our first choice of termination. 

The choice ya = ra is the method of steepest descent. If the ya are taken to be the vectors et in rotation the method turns out to be the Gauss-Seidel iteration. If each ya is taken to be that e, for which e ra is greatest, the method is the method of relaxation (often attributed to Southwell but actually known to Gauss). An alternative choice is the et for which the reduction Eq. (2-10) in norm is greatest. 

A treatise on kinetics is a logical and fitting medium in which to analyze and discuss just such limitations and uncertainties of mechanism. The present chapter will attempt such a treatment for the SN2 mechanism in nucleophilic aromatic substitution. An effort will be made to pinpoint every assumption and highlight every instance where alternate choices are possible. The end result hoped for is a clearer delineation of the known and the probable from the uncertain and the unknown. 

The antibiotic of choice for group B streptococcal disease is penicillin G, although ampicillin is an alternative.43 No resistance to either agent has been reported, and their narrow spectrum of activity makes them ideal choices.43 Resistance has developed with the use of alternative choices for penicillin-allergic patients. A treatment algorithm for group B Streptococcus is shown in Fig. 44—3, and dosing recommendations are shown in Table 44-5. 

Recommend an alternative choice if the prescribed drug is contraindicated, and develop a plan to assess safety and effectiveness. 

Because GAS historically has been the primary causative organism, penicillin has been the mainstay of therapy. O However, the incidence ofS. aureus impetigo is increasing, so oral penicillinase-stable penicillins or first-generation cephalosporins are now preferred.3 Erythromycin is an alternative choice when penicillin allergy is a concern. Topical mupirocin may be used alone when there are few lesions.3... 

Drum dryers are used for liquid and dilute slurry feeds. They are an alternative choice to spray dryers when the material to be dried will form a film on a heated surface, and is not heat sensitive. 

If you were designing a synthetic oxygen carrier, what characteristics would be required of the metal ion Suggest some alternative choices to Fe2+ and describe the characteristics of coordination compounds of the metal (s) you choose. 

Antimicrobial Agents of First Choice and Alternative Choice for Treatment of Meningitis Caused by Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Microorganisms]... 

Development Chemistry— Characterization of materials Characterization of process alternatives Choice of process Suitability of process Screening for chemical reaction hazards... 

Ordinary anodes for an electrochemical process last 2 years and then have to be replaced at a cost of 20,000. An alternative choice is to buy impregnated anodes that last 6 years and cost 56,000 (see Figure E3.5). If the annual interest rate is 6 percent per year, which alternative would be the cheapest ... 

The parameter p0 controls the behavior of the velocity spectrum for small kL . The usual choice is po = 2 leading to EJk) k2 for small k. The alternative choice po = 4 leads to the von Karman spectrum, which has E (k) k4 for small k. For fixed k, e, and v, the model spectrum is determined by setting C = 1.5 and ft = 5.2, and the requirement that Eu k) and 2vk2Eu(k) integrate to k and e, respectively. The turbulence Reynolds number Rei, along with k and Lu, also uniquely determines the model spectrum. 

Table I Alternative Choices for Panel Type, Panel Size and Sample Replication (95% Confidence Limits for Dilution Values, %)...

Example 16.5. Yu and Luyben (Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev., 1986, Vol. 25, p. 498) give the following steadystate gain matrices for three alternative choices of manipulated variables reflux and vapor boilup (R — V), distillate and vapor boilup (D — V), and refiux ratio and vapor boilup (RR — V). 

A fluent writer avoids using the same word over and over again. Suggest at least three alternative choices for the italicized words in the following phrases. Look through excerpts 13V—13Y for some ideas. 

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