Allied Products

Census definition of the chemical industry during the past century from as few as seven constituent industries in 1899, the chemicals and allied products group has expanded to include the present 28 classes of chemical companies (see Appendix B.2). The importance of the group is suggested by its role as employer since 1950 more than half the chemists in the chemical process industries have been concentrated in chemicals and allied products . 

Needless to say, the heterogeneity and shifting definitions of the chemicals and allied products industry require the analyst to adopt a cautious stance when interpreting the data. In what follows, we shall look at enduring trends and short-run variations in major aspects of the chemical industry defined in this way, comparing the industry s position in the domestic economy with that of the larger aggregate of chemical process industries where appropriate. 

The American chemical industry has grown dramatically since the late nineteenth century in absolute and relative terms. The chemical industry has become an increasingly important sector of the economy when compared to either the chemical process industries or manufacturing as a whole. This relative growth - especially during the interwar years - is evident when one considers such factors as output, capital productivity, total capital investment, and national income originating in the industry. 

Chemical companies have improved their collective standing among America s top 100 industrial corporations. The chemical industry moved from seventh rank among industrial groups in the top 100 in 1909 to third rank in 1948, a position the industry still maintained in 1975. Petroleum, a chemical process industry, has dominated the top 100 since the late 1920s.) 

By 1960, Dow, Monsanto, and Union Carbide had also joined the billion dollar club , and chemical companies among the top 100 in that year included W. R. Grace and Co. and National Distillers Chemical Corporation, two conglomerates which had only recently entered the chemical industry. In 1975, the chemical industry ranked third, accounting for 9.3% (40.8 billion dollars) of the assets of the top 100. Du Pont, Dow, and Union Carbide were the largest corporations in the chemical industry, and all placed within the top 20 industrials. But even with more than five billion dollars in assets each, they were still a fraction of the size of Exxon, General Motors, Texaco, IBM, or Mobil - the top five corporations in 1975. The petroleum industry was still the front-runner in that year, with 35.5% (more than 156 billion dollars) of the assets of the top 100. 

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The National Benzene and Allied Products Association, London, 1958. 

No elemental sulfur was used in inorganic pigments and paints and allied products. 

Benzene is now used primarily as an iatermediate iu the manufacture of iudustrial chemicals. Approximately 95% of U.S. benzene is consumed by iadustry for the preparation of polymers, detergents, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and allied products. 

D. Burton and G. F. Robert Shaw, Sulfated Oils and Allied Products, Chemical Publishing Co. 

Industry Agricultural chemicals Paints and allied products Petroleum refining plastic materials and resins Soap and other detergents... 

Paper and allied products Paper manufacture, conversion of paper and paperboard, manufacture of paperboard boxes and containers Paper and fiber residues, chemicals, paper coatings and filters, inks, glues, fasteners... 

Plastics Materials, Basic Forms and Shapes) (Chemicals Allied Products, Not Elsewhere Classified) ... 

The chemical process industry is vast and varied. The value of chemicals and chemical products in 1993 was 0.5 trillion for the Ll.S," involving 67,000 chemical engineers, 98,000 chemists. There were 5.5 non-fatal occupational injuries per 100 employees in 1995 involving chemical and allied products, and 4.8 per 100 workers in petroleum and coal products, There were 101 fatalities due to exposure to caustic, noxious or allergenic substances and 208 deaths from fires and explosions in 1995. 

Ar izona Chemical Ashland Specialty Chemical Camphor Allied Products (India)... 

Some details of typical compositioni, where these are available, are iven in Petroleum. Oils and Lubricants (POL) and Allied Products. Defence Guide DG-12, Section IV, Ministry of Defence. H.M.S.O., London (1968). ... 

Paints, varnishes, lacquers, enamels, and allied products 2851... 

Ringertz O. Ringertz S.H. (1982) The clinical significance of microbial contamination in pharmaceutical and allied products. Sci, 5, 201-226. 

The paper and allied products industry comprises three types of facilities pulp mills that process raw wood fiber or processed fiber to make pulp paper and board mills that manufacture paper or board and converting facilities that use these primary materials to manufacture more specialized products such as writing paper, napkins, and other tissue products. The process of converting paper is not a source of water or air pollution, as is the case for the first two facilities. This chapter focuses primarily on the greatest areas of environmental concern within the pulp and paper industry those from pulping processes. 

A bleached kraft pulp mill requires 15,140 to 45,420 L (4000 to 12,000 gal) of water and 8.56 to 12.22 million chu (14 to 20 million Btu) of energy per ton of pulp, of which ca. 4.44 to 5.56 million chu (8 to 10 million Btu) are typically derived from biomass-derived fuel from the pulping process itself.4 Across all facilities, the pulp, paper, and allied products industry is the largest consumer of process water and the third largest consumer of energy (after the chemicals and metals industries).5,6 The large amounts of water and energy used, as well as the chemical inputs, lead to a variety of environmental concerns. 

Allied Products Industry Productivity of Chemical and Allied Products Chemical Engineering... 

Schmitz also told Linville that he had been "concerned lest the new investments with the Wehrmacht bring Farben to financial ruin." He was successful, however, in getting many subsidies and other guarantees from the government. Then, to ally production with the financing, Farben set up the "army liaison office" under Professor Carl Krauch ... 

Claxton, G., Benzoles, Production and Uses, National Benzole Allied Products Association,... 

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