Paper and Allied Products Industry Wastes

This industry sector includes the manufacture of pulp from wood, rag, and other cellulose fibers and the manufacture of paper, paperboard, and building products. The manufacture of converted paper and paperboard products from purchased paper is not included since it involves a relatively simple process, whose wastewater flows and loadings are not generally significant to the design of treatment systems. Therefore, the plants making converted paper and paperboard products are excluded from discussions. 

The manufacture of paper and allied products involves the preparation of wood and other raw materials, separation and recovery of cellulose fibers, and blending of the fibers with proper additives to produce furnish , which is formed into paper. The additives include sizing materials such as alum and resins, sodium aluminate, and wax emulsions synthetics, such as acrylics, isocyanates, and fiuocarbons and fillers such as clays, calcium carbonate and sulfate, talc, barium sulfate, aluminum compounds, and titanium oxide. When fillers are used, retention aids (starches or synthetic resins) are added to increase the retention of the filler. 

The principal operations involved in the manufacture of pulp and paper are  

Pulping (mechanical, chemical, semi-chemical, and deinking) Pulp Washing and Screening Stock Preparation Papermaking 

The pretreatment sub-groups for this industry areas follows  

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