Allergic bronchitis

Cyproheptadine has antianaphylactic activity that is associated with its ability to slow down the release of histamine and other mediators from fat cells. It is mainly used for treating bronchial asthma attacks, allergic bronchitis, rhinitis, and allergic skin reactions as well as in adjuvant therapy for anaphylactic reactions. Synonyms of this drug are periactin and vimicon. 

Chirila, M., Negut, E., Herold, A., Chirila, P. and Szegli, G. (1987). The epurox therapy in allergic bronchitic asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis - clinical insights. Arch. Roum. Path. Exp. Microbiol. 46, 267-275. 

An increased number of polymorphonuclear granulocytes in sputum often suggests continual bronchial irritation, whereas an increased number of eosinophils may suggest an allergic component. The most common bacterial isolates (expressed in percentages of total cultures) identified from sputum culture in patients experiencing an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis are as follows ... 

A second type of response to isocyanates is allergic sensitization of the respiratory tract. This usually develops after some months of exposure. The onset of symptoms may be insidious, becoming progressively more pronounced with continued exposure. Initial symptoms are often nocturnal dyspnea and/or nocturnal cough with progression to asthmatic bronchitis. 

Another group of compounds, the tetracyclines, are made by fermentation procedures or by chemical modifications of the natural product. The hydrochloride salts are used most commonly for oral administration and are usually encapsulated because of their bitter taste. Controlled catalytic hydrogenolysis of chlortetracycline, a natural product, selectively removes the 7-chloro atom and produces tetracycline. Doxycycline and minocycline are other important antibacterials. Tetracycline can be prescribed for people allergic to penicillin. Doxycycline prevents traveler s diarrhea. Tetracyclines help many infections including Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease, urinary tract infections, bronchitis, amoebic dysentery, and acne. 

Respiratory - Upper respiratory tract infection, nasopharyngitis (14%) nasal cavity/sinus disease (6%) sinus headache, lower respiratory tract infection (4%) allergic rhinitis (more than 3%) rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis/bronchitis (1% to 3%). 

Mechanism of Action A second-generation piperazine that competes with histamine for Hj-receptor sites on effector cells in the GI tract, blood vessels, and respiratory tract. Therapeutic Effect Prevents allergic response, produces mild bronchodilation, blocks histamine-induced bronchitis. 

While the human studies deseribe the allergic component of HDI toxieity, most of the animal studies describe the direet irritant effeets of HDI and HDI prepolymers after inhalation. Laboratory animals exposed to HDI via inhalation showed such adverse signs as respiratory irritation, tracheitis, pleural effusion, pulmonary hemorrhage, bronchitis, and bronchopneumonia, mostly at eoncentrations >1 ppm (Dow Chemical 1964 E.I. Dupont de Nemours 1978 Haskell Laboratory 1961 Karol et al. 1984). 

Standard stop bath is 28% acetic acid. A pH indicator is added, usually bromcresol purple, which is yellow below pH 5.2 and blue above pH 6.8. When the stop bath is blue, the hydrogen ion concentration is too low to be effective. Dilute acetic acid is an irritant to the skin and can cause allergic reactions and chronic bronchitis. 

All isocyanates are known to cause pulmonary toxicity. Isocyanates are the most common causes of occupational asthma and have led to the development of immediate or late asthma among workers. Isocyanates have caused bronchitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, chronic obstructive lung disease, contact sensitivity, dermatitis, allergic alveolitis, and immunologic hemorrhagic pneumonitis.29... 

Antiinfective, cephalosporin antibiotic Antibacterial for bronchitis, cephalosporin antibiotic Antibiotic URTI, LRTI, UTI Cephalosporin Antibiotic Antibiotic Antibiotic NSAID Anti-HIV Oral contraceptive Antidepressant Veterinary drug Lipid-lowering Agent Seasonal rhinitis perennial allergic rhinitis pruritus... 

Respiratory toxicity Upper respiratory system (nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea) and the lower respiratory system (bronchi, bronchioles, and lung alveoli) Pulmonary irritation Asthma/bronchitis Emphysema Allergic alveolitis Fibrotic lung disease Lung cancer... 

Disease that is segmental or lobar in its distribution is usually caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). Haemophilus influenzae is a rare cause in this group, although it more often leads to exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and does cause pneumonia in patients infected with HIV. Benzyl-penicillin i.v. or amoxicillin p.o. are the treatments of choice if pneumococcal pneumonia is very likely alternatively, use erythromycin/clarithromycin in a penicillin-allergic patient. Seriously ill patients are best given benzylpenicillin (to cover the pneumococcus) plus ciprofloxacin (to cover Haemophilus and atypical pathogens). Where penicillin-resistant pneumococci are prevalent, i.v. cefotaxime is a reasonable best guess choice. 

Hyperresponsiveness of the airways to physical, chemical, and pharmacologic stimuli is a hallmark of asthma. BHR also occurs in some patients with chronic bronchitis and allergic rhinitis. Normal healthy subjects also may develop a transient BHR after viral... 

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