P-lactam antibiotics cephalosporins

The P-lactam antibiotic cephalosporin is one of the most important drugs for the treatment of bacterial infections. Recently, several new compounds such as ce-fadroxil (2-161), cephalexin (2-162), cefixime (2-163), and cefzil (2-167) have been isolated, which contain an alkyl or alkenyl substituent instead of an acetoxymethyl group at C-3 (Scheme 2.37 and 2.38) [88]. 

P-Lactam antibiotics Cephalosporins Cidofovir Furosemide Ganciclovir Methotrexate NSAIDs Probenecid Tetracycline Zidovudine KW-3902 ... 

Carrier-mediated transport involves interaction of the drug with a specific transporter or carrier, in which drug is transferred across the cell membrane or entire cell and then released from the basal surface of the enterocyte into the circulation. The process is saturable and utilized by small hydrophilic molecules. Drugs that are shown to be transported by this mechanism include p-lactam antibiotics, cephalosporins, and ACE inhibitors. 

The second stage covers the discovery of another naturally occurring P-lactam antibiotic, cephalosporin C, and the scientific consequences of that discovery. This phase is summarized in a volume entitled Cephalosporins and Penicillins Chemistry and Biology edited by Edwin H. Flynn and published in 1972. 

---