Alkylphenol ethoxylates properties

Features Free of alkylphenol ethoxylates Properties Wh. waxy solid iodine no. < 2 cloud pt. 58-59 C drop pt. 50-60 C pH 6-7.5 (1%) nonionic Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) > 2000 mg/kg skin irritant Storage Keep in dry storage R.T. 

At room temperature, ca 60 wt % ethylene oxide is needed to solubilize the fatty acids. Surface activity of the ethoxylates is moderate and less than that of alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates (84). The ethoxylates are low foamers, a useful property in certain appHcations. Emulsification is the most important function. Its importance is reflected in the wide range of lipophilic solubiHties available in the commercial products. Like all organic esters, fatty acid ethoxylates are susceptible to acid and alkaline hydrolysis. 

Important classes of nonionic surfactants are aliphatic poly-ethoxylate alcohols (AEO), and octyl or nonyl phenol polyethoxylates (OPEO and NPEO). The alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEO) attracted special attention due to their supposedly endocrine disrupting properties (Ch. 8.3). LC-MS analysis may also involve nonylphenolethoxycarboxylates (NPEC), biodegradation products of NPEO, and halogenated analogues, generated in chlorine disinfection treatments in drinking water production plants. 

Uses Defoamer for emulsion paints, exterior wall paints, emulsion plasters, emulsion adhesives, industrial emulsions, gbss and semigioss emulsion paints, prod, of emulsion binders Features Very cost effective alkylphenolic ethoxylate-tree Properties Dens. 0.94 g/ml (20 C) flash pt. > 100 C 54%. NV Use Level 0.1-0.5%. on total formulation... 

Chem. Descrip. Alkylphenol ethoxylate Ionic Nature Nonionic Uses Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization Properties Liq. HLB 17.0 70% cone. 

Uses Wetting agent for agric. flowables and dry flowables Properties Brn, powd. sol. in water Sterox DJ [Monsantoj Chem. Descrip. Alkylphenol, ethoxylated Ionic Nature Nonionic... 

Ether carboxylates are used not only in powdered detergents but in liquid laundry detergents for their hard water stability, lime soap dispersibility, and electrolyte stability they improve the suspension stability and rheology of the electrolyte builder [130,131]. Formulations based particularly on lauryl ether carboxylate + 4.5 EO combined with fatty acid salt and other anionic surfactants are described [132], sometimes in combination with quaternary compounds as softeners [133,163]. Ether carboxylates show improved cleaning properties as suds-controlling agents in formulations with ethoxylated alkylphenol or fatty alcohol, alkyl phosphate esters or alkoxylate phosphate esters, and water-soluble builders [134]. 

As a test, surfactant slug flow experiments were performed in clayey sandpacks with and without the injection of a desorbent behind the micellar slug. Results show that a substantial decrease in surfactant retention is obtained in calcic environment by such an additive. Likewise, the ethoxylated cosurfactant in the micellar slug can be remobilized simultaneously with sulfonatewithout any change in its ethylene oxide distribution. The application of the RST to sulfonate/ ethoxylated alkylphenol mixtures explains semi-quantitatively the relationship between their properties and composition. 

The theory of regular solutions applied to mixtures of aromatic sulfonate and polydispersed ethoxylated alkylphenols provides an understanding of how the adsorption and micellization properties of such systems in equilibrium in a porous medium, evolve as a function of their composition. Improvement of the adjustment with the experimental results presented would make necessary to take also in account the molar interactions of surfactants adsorbed simultaneously onto the solid surface. 

Phenolic compounds are used in commercial or consumer products or building materials (Rudel et al., 2001), especially ethoxylated alkylphenols of octylphenol and nonylphenol, which are widely used in surfactants (Ying, Williams and Kookana, 2002). They are known as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) as they bear hormonally active properties. Other EDCs found indoors include phthal-ates (Section 11.2.7), certain pesticides, organotin compounds (Section 11.2.5) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (Section 11.2.8) (Rudel et al., 2001, 2003). 

Surfactants based on aliphatic alcohols are used as cleaners in both domestic and industrial applications. They provide excellent properties such as wetting, dispersion, and emulsification. The ethoxylates derived from alkylphenols are chemically stable and highly versatile, finding more use in industrial practice than in domestic applications. They are used both as processing aids and as components in various products. Their applications include metal cleaning, hospital cleaners and disinfectants, agricultural chemical formulation surfactants, insecticides and herbicides, oil-well drilling fluids, and many others. 

The TRYCOL Ethoxylated Alkylphenols have chemical and physical properties similar to the TRYCOL Ethoxylated Alcohols. They are used as dispersants, solubilizers, coupling agents, wetting agents, leveling agents and dyeing assistants. 

Examples of the primary active agents in commercial demulsifiers include ethoxylated (cross-linked or uncross-linked) propylene oxide or ethylene oxide polymers or alkylphenol resins. There are, of course, many others. These products are formulated to provide specific properties including... 

Ethoxylated Nonionics These are the largest group of nonionics. They consist of ethoxylated forms of alkylphenols, fatty alcohols, fatty esters, mono- and diglycerides, etc. Although these surfactants exhibit excellent cleansing properties they have poor foaming, and their application in shampoos has been limited. They can be found as solubilizers and emulsifiers. In some cases, nonionics are combined with certain shampoo surfactants to minimize eye irritation (11). 

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