Adhesion of polymers

Packham, D.E., The adhesion of polymers to metals the role of surface topography. In Mittal, K.L. (Ed.), Adhesion Aspects of Polymeric Coatings. Plenum, London, 1983, p. 19. 

Adhesion of polymer coatings (thickness 60-70 fik) formed on the glass surface is obtained by lattice notch" method. 

Kestleman, V. 2001. Adhesion of Polymers. McGraw-Hill, New York. 

The existence of various theories of adhesion and the enormous number of publications dealing with the adhesion of polymers to solid surfaces indicates that the problems of adhesion are very complicated. 

How and why polymers adhere to mucosal surfaces is a topic of great research interest. The topic has been extensively reviewed by Peppas et al. [100], but it is generally believed that adhesion of polymers to the mucosal surface is the result of several processes related to wetting on the mucosal surface [101], electronic transfer between the polymer and glycoprotein network [102], adsorption between polymer mucosal surface (hydrogen bonding and Van derV feals forces) [103], and polymer diffusion... 

Fig. 10.4 Adhesive% of polymer-coated liposomes in rat intestine (taken from Takeuchi et al. 1996). Lipid composition DPPC DCP=8 2. Dispersion medium phosphate buffer solution...

Bolger, J. C., et al., A New Theory of Improving die Adhesion of Polymers to Copper, Final Report, INCRA Project No. 172, International Copper Research Association, New York, August 1971. 

FIG. 1 Work of adhesion of polymer surface 1 with bovine serum albumin 2 in water (fki2,w) and in vacuum (Wn) as a function of the interfacial free energy between water and polymer 1 (y]w). (From Ref. 1.)... 

Now, the adhesion of polymer to metal presents no difficulty poor adhesion of the polymer to the bare metal substrate is improved through the use of silane adhesion promotors(1-7). These are... 

Adhesion of polymer to metal, use of silane adhesion promoters, 1-2... 

Methacrylate carboxylato promotor of adhesion of polymers to metal surfaces 1020... 

The dewetting model is useful in predicting critical stress from a knowledge of tensile yield stress The results of tensile testing can be used to predict adhesion of polymer to filler particles of different sizes. The following model is useful for this purpose ... 

Paper wettability by polystyrene based toner has been studied by Lee (3). Wax/polymer coating of paper and paperboard has been investigated by Swanson and Becher (4), Glossman (5 ), and more recently by Fredholm and Westfelt (60. In the coating studies it was believed that surface energetics of the paper structure played a fundamental role in the spreading process and subsequent adhesion of polymer to the paper surface. 

The adhesion of polymers to glass is best if the surface is clean. This becomes a problem when setting up the conservation strategy consolidation before cleaning has to be favoured, for example, if the distinction between dirt and paint is difficult or for gilded surfaces. Cleaning before the application of a polymer is preferred, e.g. when broken pieces need strong joints. 

Lubricant Prevent adhesion of polymer to processing equipment Sweats out due to low compatibility with polymer Calcium stearate, normal and dibasic lead stearate... 

Lesho MJ, Sheppard NF (1996) Adhesion of polymer films to oxidized silicon and its effect on performance of a conductometric pH sensor. Sens Actuators B 37 61-66 Licea-Claverie A, Salgado-Rodriguez R, Lugo-Medma E, Amdt K-F (2008) Incorporation of acid polymethacrylates into temperature sensitive hydrogels using electron beam irradiation. Polym Bull 60 701-712... 

Figure 6.42 Scheme for adhesion of polymer melt to the wall and part formation. 

Both in compatible and in incompatible polymer blends, the dynamics of chains at interfaces and the static interfacial structure are of very great theoretical and practical interest [354-356] adhesion of polymer layers to walls, mechanical properties of inhomogeneous blends etc. may affect the application of polymeric materials, and at the same time fundamental questions are involved. This field of research is very active, and a complete coverage of the ongoing research in this area is not at all intended rather we indicate only a few topics that are closely related to problems treated in previous sections of the present review. 

This work forms part of a research program on the adhesion of polymers supported by a research grant from the Engineering Division of the National Science Foundation. The authors are also indebted to Richard Burgan of these laboratories for the design and construction of electronic apparatus and to P. Dreyfuss and M. L. Runge for helpful comments on interpretation of IR data. 

Polymer to Counterface Bonding. Of extreme interest to the tribolo-gist is the nature and structure of interfacial adhesion of polymers to substrate surfaces because it contributes heavily to the adhesive wear of polymers. A very useful tool for the study of this subject is quantitative absorption - reflection thickness infrared spectroscopy (QUARTIR). This device is uniquely suited for the study of preferential orientation of large molecules at interfaces. Thus, insight into the structural interfacial bonding of molecules can be had, adhesion and accordingly adhesive wear better understood. 

Orientation at the interface between polymers and metals where the polymer transfer to the metal can be determined with quantitative absorption-reflection thickness infrared spectroscopy. With an understanding of polymer interfacial orientation, bonding mechanisms can be identified and accordingly adhesion of polymers to metals better understood. 

The metallocene is added to the supported MAO as a solution in toluene or aliphatic hydrocarbon. Subsequently subjecting the mixture to microwaves has been claimed to fix the metal component on the support and reduce reactor fouling (adhesion of polymer to reactor surfaces). The metallocene can also be dry-blended with the support, avoiding solubilization of the finished catalyst. ... 

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