Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Sitek B, Luttges J, Marcus K, et al. (2005) Application of fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis saturation labelling for the analysis of microdissected precursor lesions of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Proteomics 5, 2665-79. 

EGFR mutations have subsequently been identified in some pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDA), which may explain the partial elficacy of erlotinib in the treatment of this highly malignant disease (50). Erlotinib in combination with the DNA synthesis inhibitor gemcitabine has now received FDA approval for the treatment of PDA, with a median survival benefit of approximately 2 weeks. 

Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Ashfaq R, Maitra A, et al. Highly expressed genes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas A comprehensive characterization and comparison of the transcription profiles obtained from three major technologies. Cancer Res 2003 63 8614-8622. 

Rosty C, Christa L, Kuzdzal S, Baldwin WM, Zahurak ML, Carnot F, Chan DW, Canto M, Lillemoe KD, Cameron JL, Yeo CJ, Hruban RH, Goggins M. Identification of hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas/pancreatitis-associated protein I as a biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by protein biochip technology. Cancer Res 2002 62 1868-1875. 

Shekouh AR, Thompson CC, Prime W, Campbell F, Hamlett J, Herrington CS, et al. Application of laser capture microdissection combined with two-dimensional electrophoresis for the discovery of differentially regulated proteins in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Proteomics 2003 3(10) 1988—2001. 

Figure 3.8 Histological images of different PanIN grades stained with H E. It is believed that pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) are the precursor lesions of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PanINs are histologically subdivided into four different grades, namely PanIN-lA/B,...

K-RAS Lung adenocarcinoma Colon carcinoma Ovarian carcinoma Gastric carcinoma Renal cell carcinoma Acute myelogenous leukemia Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma... 

Rosty, C. Christa, L. Kuzdzal, S. Baldwin, W.M. Zahurak, M.L. Carnot, R Chan, D.W. Canto, M. Lillemoe, K.D. Cameron, J.L. Yeo, C.J. Hruban, R.H. Goggins, M. Identification of Hepatocarcinoma-Intestine-Pancreas/Pancreatitis-Associated Protein I as a Biomarker for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma by Protein Biochip Technology, Cancer Res 62(6), 1868-1875 (2002). 

Mesothelin is a 40-kD glycoprotein of unknown function that is strongly expressed in mesothelial cells, ovarian serous cells, and pancreatic-bile duct cells. Using monoclonal antibody 5B2, Ordonez found it to immu-nostain normal mesothelial cells, mesotheliomas, non-mucinous ovarian carcinomas, and occasionally other neoplasms. Ordonez concluded that mesothelin staining could be used to diagnose mesotheliomas, although it was expressed in 14 of 14 ovarian carcinomas, 12 of 14 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, 7 of 12 desmoplastic small round cell tumors, and 9 of 9 synovial sarcomas. Therefore, this antibody should be interpreted carefully. 

Immunohistogram of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Selected Antibodies... 

Loss of DPC4 staining in the pancreatic ductal epithelium is suggestive of carcinoma provided that this loss is confirmed by the presence of in-built controls. DPC4 may also prove to be a helpful marker for differentiating pancreatic adenocarcinoma from other carcinomas in small fine-needle aspirate samples and in metastatic sites. 

EHBT carcinomas are similar, both morphologically and immunophenotypically, to other foregut carcinomas, namely pancreatic and gastro-esophageal cancers. Their similarity to pancreatic ductal carcinoma is such that they are often classified together as pancreatobiliary-type adenocarcinoma. Mucin, in particular sialomucin, nonsulfated, or neutral types, is demonstrable by histochemical or immunohistochemical stains in almost all cases and may be abundant. ... 

Masaki Y, Oka M, Ogura Y, et al. Sialylated MUGl mucin expression in normal pancreas, benign pancreatic lesions, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999 46 2240-2245. 

Maitra A, lacobuzio-Donahue C, Rahman A, et al. Immunohistochemical validation of a novel epithelial and a novel stromal marker of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma identified by global expression microarrays sea urchin fascin homolog and heat shock protein 47. Am Clin Pathol. 2002 118 52-59. 

Dancer J, Takei H, Ro JY, Lowery-Nordberg M. Coexpression of EGER and HER-2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma a comparative smdy using immunohistochemistry correlated with gene amplification by fluorescencent in sim hybridization. Oncol Rep. 2007 18 151-155. 

Ruggeri BA, Huang L, Wood M, et al. Amplification and overexpression of the AKT2 oncogene in a subset of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Mol Carcinog. 1998 21 81-86. 

Rosty C, Ueki T, Argani P, et al. Overexpression of S100A4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas is associated with poor differentiation and DNA hypomethylation. Am J Pathol. 2002 160 45-50. 

Yamamoto H, Itoh E, Nakamura H, et al. Genetic and clinical features of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas with widespread microsatellite instability. Cancer Res. 2001 61 3139-3144. 

Witkiewicz AK, Brody JB, Constantino CL, et al. Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas harbors KRAS2, DPC4 and TP53 molecular alterations similar to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2009 22 325A. 

Mukawa K, Kawa S, Aoki Y, et al. Reduced expression of p53 and cyclin A in intraductal mucin-hypersecreting neoplasm of the pancreas compared with usual pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 94 2263-2267. 

Abraham SC, Klimstra DS, Wilentz RE, et al. Solid-pseudo-papillary tumors of the pancreas are genetically distinct from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and almost always harbor beta-catenin mutations. Am J Pathol. 2002 160 1361-1369. 

The pancreatic phase of contrast enhancement optimizes our ability to detect pancreatic adenocarcinoma and differentiate it from normal pancreatic tissue. Studies have shown that because pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma often has a marked desmoplastic response associated with it, it will be hypo-attenuating relative to the normal pancreas after contrast enhancement during the pancreatic phase (Lu et al. 1997). The degree of tumor conspi-cuity is enhanced during the pancreatic phase and decreases during the portal venous phase. This... 

Stayrock, K.R., J.H. McKinzie, Y.D. Burke, Y.A. Burke, and P.L. Crowell, 1997. Induction of the apoptosis-promoting protein Bak by periUyl alcohol in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma relative to untransformed ductal epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis, 18 1655-1658. 

Fukushima H, Itoh S, Takada A etal. (2006) Diagnostic value of curved multiplanar reformatted images in multislice CT for the detection of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Eur Radiol 16 1709-1718... 

Ichikawa T, Haradome H, Hachiya J et al. (1997) Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma preoperative assessment with helical CT versus dynamic MR imaging. Radiology 202 655-662... 

Yamamoto S, Tomita Y, Hoshida Y et al. (2004) Increased expression of valosin-containing protein (p97) is associated with lymph node metastasis and prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 11(2), 165-172. 

Harmsen and co-workers presented the precise visualization of the full tumour extent in transgenic mouse models of breast cancer, sarcoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and prostate cancer (Harmsen et al. 2015a). Their SERRS tag has the following features (i) star-shaped Au core (75 nm diameter) demonstrating a LSPR in the NIR region, (ii) a RRM that is in resonance with the detection laser (785 nm) and (iii) a biocompatible encapsulation method that allows efficient... 

Hakam A, Fang Q, Karl R, Coppola D. Coexpression of IGF-IR and c-Src proteins in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 2003 48 1972-8. 

In a transgenic mouse model of ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the development of ductal carcinoma is preceded by trans-differentiation of acinar cells to ductal-like cells.The anti-apoptotic protein Bc1-Xl is highly expressed... 

---