Pancreas, pancreatic

Unlabeled Uses Prevention of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic bone marrow, heart, pancreas, pancreatic island cell, or small-bowel transplant, treatment of autoimmune disease, severe recalcitrant psoriasis... 

Rosty C, Christa L, Kuzdzal S, Baldwin WM, Zahurak ML, Carnot F, Chan DW, Canto M, Lillemoe KD, Cameron JL, Yeo CJ, Hruban RH, Goggins M. Identification of hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas/pancreatitis-associated protein I as a biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by protein biochip technology. Cancer Res 2002 62 1868-1875. 

Inflammation of the pancreas, pancreatitis, can be a consequence of excessive alcohol intake and causes severe pain. In chronic pancreatitis the exocrine cells which produce enzymes are damaged and smaller quantities of enzyme are released into the gut so that a major portion of the diet remains undigested and is not absorbed. Patients suffer malnutrition and weight loss. 

A. Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency (Type I lipoprotein pattern on electrophoresis). Serum triglycerides become elevated with particular elevation of chylomicrons. Tliere are xanthomas, rather than atherosclerosis. Pancreatitis may result from the action of pancreatic lipase on these elevated chylomicrons, with resultant excess triglyceride breakdown in the pancreas, pancreatic injury, and release of more pancreatic lipase. (Note that the body contains different kinds of lipases. There is a pancreatic lipase, which is a digestive enzyme a lipoprotein lipase, which is an extracellular enzyme that breaks down plasma triglycerides, thereby enabling fatty acids to enter cells and an intracellular lipase that breaks down stored triglycerides). 

In duodenum digestive enzymes are added from the pancreas (pancreatic amylase, lipases, proteases), pH is neutralized, and detergents (bile acids) are added from gall bladder. 

Rosty C, Christa L, Kuzdzal S, Baldwin WM, Zahurak ML, et al. Identification of hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas/pancreatitis-associated Protein I... 

Rosty, C. Christa, L. Kuzdzal, S. Baldwin, W.M. Zahurak, M.L. Carnot, R Chan, D.W. Canto, M. Lillemoe, K.D. Cameron, J.L. Yeo, C.J. Hruban, R.H. Goggins, M. Identification of Hepatocarcinoma-Intestine-Pancreas/Pancreatitis-Associated Protein I as a Biomarker for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma by Protein Biochip Technology, Cancer Res 62(6), 1868-1875 (2002). 

As food enters the small intestine secretions are added from the gall bladder and pancreas. Pancreatic secretions contain many digestive enzymes and sodium bicarbonate, which neutralizes stomach acid. Bile contains bile acids, which are essential for the emulsification of fats prior to their digestion. 

The major enzyme that digests dietary triacylglycerols is a lipase produced in the pancreas. Pancreatic lipase is secreted along with another protein, colipase, along with bicarbonate, which neutralizes the acid that enters the intestine with partially digested food from the stomach. Bicarbonate raises the pH of the contents of the intestinal lumen into a range (pH 6) that is optimal for the action of all of the digestive enzymes of the intestine. Bicarbonate secretion from the pancreas is stimulated by the hormone secretin, which is released from the intestine when acid enters the duodenum. 

Pancreas Pancreatitis is an uncommon adverse reaction to clozapine [SEDA-28, 67], and monitoring serum amylase... 

Pancreas Pancreatitis has been attributed to ceftriaxone in a 2-year-old child pO ]. 

Pancreas Pancreatitis has previously been associated with use of a somatostatin analogue, and another case has been reported in 1 of 13 children who were given subcutaneous octreotide 15-20 micrograms/kg bd for 3-37 months for refractory primary intestinal lymphangiectasia [70 ]. 

Defect of digestion Lack of pancreatic lipase Cystic fibrosis of pancreas Chronic relapsing pancreatitis Carcinoma of the pancreas Pancreatic lithiasis Pancreatic fistula Pancreatectomy... 

Pancreas Pancreatitis occurred in a 64-year-old woman who took tigecycline 100 mg/day for 14 days [ISS ] and in a 69-year-old woman who took tigecycline for 7 days [154 ]. 

Pancreas Pancreatitis occurred in a 59-year-old man with a history of chronic hepatitis B infection after he had taken lamivudine 150 mg/day for 15 days [110 ]. 

Pancreas Pancreatitis has been reported as an adverse event in three studies of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers the most plausible mechanism is production of reactive oxygen species [31 ]. 

Pancreas Pancreatitis has been attributed to growth hormone. 

Pancreas Pancreatitis was reported by the drug manufacturer in 11 of 5902 patients treated with alogliptin 25 mg and in 5 of 5183 patients in the control group during the drug s clinical program [31 ]... 

Pancreas (pancreatic juicel Trypsin ttrypsinogenl Enterokinase Ptmeins and potypepndes Deaves pepade bonds adjacent to die amino acals arguvne n lyane... 

After using C A19-9 as the only accepted diagnostic marker for pancreatic cancer for two decades [92], a bewildering number of potential biomarkers are currently under evaluation [93]. Apeak (3334.7 Da) found by SELDI-TOF-MS in 5/15 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines was identified by Qq-TOF-MS/MS as the COOH-terminal fragment of DMBTl, a putative tumor suppression protein intracellularly generated by Umited prior proteolysis. Analyses of other cell lines suggested that the marker may be unique to pancreatic adenocarcinoma [94]. In another study, a differentially expressed peak (—16,570 Da) was detected in 10/15 samples from pancreatic adenocarcinoma in contrast to only 1/7 with other pancreatic diseases. The peak was identified as hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas/pancreatitis-associated protein I (HIP-PAP I) by SELDI immunoassay [95]. 

Fig. 2.22a,b. Ectopic Pancreas in the stomach. Double Contrast barium study (a) shows a small nodule in the antrum of the stomach (bottom left of image). Endoscopy (b) demonstrates the characteristic round umhilicated lesion situated a few centimeters proximal to the pylorus. Biopsy confirmed ectopic pancreas (pancreatic rest)... 

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