Carcinoma ductal

Ductal carcinoma octapeptide 0.014 BPTI (580 atoms) 0.070 Lysozyme (1264 atoms) 0.162 Carboxy-myoglobin (1532 atoms) 0.174 Hemoglobin (5478 atoms) 0.518... 

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma, modified Black s nuclear... 

Kato M, Kitayama J, Kazama S, Nagawa H. Expression pattern of CXC chemokine receptor-4 is correlated with lymph node metastasis in human invasive ductal carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res 2003 5 144-150. 

MacGrogan G, Soubeyran I, De Mascarel I, et al. Immunohistochemical detection of progesterone receptors in breast invasive ductal carcinomas. Appl. Immunohistochem. 1996 4 219-227. 

Altmannsberger M, Dirk T, Droese M, Weber K, Osborn M (1986) Keratin polypeptide distribu tion in benign and malignant breast tumors subdivision of ductal carcinomas using monoclo nal antibodies. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol 51(3) 265 275 Assefnia S, Jones LP, Torre KM, Furth PA (2006) Expression of p63 in a mouse model of Brcal mutation related breast cancer. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, Washington, DC (Meeting Abstracts)... 

Luzzi V, Holtschlag V, Watson MA. 2001. Expression profiling of ductal carcinoma in situ by laser capture microdissection and high density oligonucleotides arrays. Am J Pathol 158 2005. 

Fig. 1. Indirect in situ RT-PCR for ras mRNA in normal and neoplastic human breast tissues. (A) and (C) Negative controls for ras message. (B) Detection of ras mRNA signal in normal epithelial cells of mammary duct and lobules. (D) Detection of ras mRNA signal in neoplastic ductal epithelial cells in breast tissue with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

In a transgenic mouse model of ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the development of ductal carcinoma is preceded by trans-differentiation of acinar cells to ductal-like cells.The anti-apoptotic protein Bc1-Xl is highly expressed... 

Fig. 3. (A andB) Breast carcinoma, in a core biopsy of a patient, pretreatment. Hematoxylin-eosin (H E)-stained histological sections show a poorly differentiated ductal carcinoma with evident nuclear pleomorphism and numerous mitotic figures. (A) H E, magnification x200 (B) H E, magnification x400.

For women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and women at high risk for breast cancer increased risk for uterine malignancies, stroke, and pulmonary embolism,... 

Tumor heterogeneity refers to the existence of distinct subpopulations of tumor cells with specific characteristics within a single neoplasm. Breast cancer is a classic example of a heterogeneous disease. First, the term breast cancer does not itself refer to a single disease. Breast cancers include many different diseases including (but not limited to) adenomas, papillomas, invasive ductal carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) (6). 

Based on transcriptional profiling, Oncotype DX and MammaPrint, which will be described in details later in this section, have been developed and used in clinics. It has been shown that the gene expression-based microarray profiling offers tremendous potential to define subcategories of breast cancer, to predict disease relapse, to predict chemotherapy response, and to predict progression of ductal carcinoma in situ (7). 

Zhao H, Langerod A, Ji Y et al. Different gene expression patterns in invasive lobular and ductal carcinomas of the breast. Mol Biol Cell 2004 15 2523-2536. 

Non-invasive breast carcinoma, i.e. breast carcinoma in sit, has been studied in Connecticut in 2003 by examining data on 875 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ registered between 1994 and 1998, as well as data on 999 controls. The risk of ductal carcinoma in situ was not increased in women who had ever used oral contraceptives compared... 

It has also been demonstrated that the staining of p53 in mammalian ductal carcinoma decreased after slides were stored for 2 months at room temperature, but the antigen loss... 

FIGURE 10.7. Immunostained p53 antigen in the moderately differentiated invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas of a 54-year-oid female the majority of the nuclei are stained. Sections were microwaved and incubated in mouse monoclonal antibody DO-1. Courtesy of Ming Dong. 

FIGURE 11.4. Immunostained estrogen receptor a in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, using microwave heat pretreatment and monoclonal antibody ERID5 specific for ERa (diluted 1 100). This antibody is superior to monoclonal antibody H222. Courtesy of King-Chung Lee. 

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