Abdominal bloating

Sharara AI, Aoun E, Mounzer R, Sidani S, El Hajj I Rifaximin in abdominal bloating and flatulence trial (RAFT) A randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2004 99(suppl) S281. 

Nobaek S, Johansson ML, Molin G, Ahrme S, Jeppson B. Alteration of intestinal microflora is associated with reduction abdominal bloating and pain in patients with irritbale bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol 2000 95 1231-1238. 

Anisette Doe, a 28-year old woman, went to the emergency department with abdominal bloating and inability to void her bladder she had been unable to urinate for 16 hours. A urinary catheter was inserted and 2.5 L of urine was withdrawn. Subsequent testing revealed no calculi or masses in the bladder, urethra, ureters, or kidneys. Ms. Doe s medical records indicated that she was being treated with clozapine for paranoid schizophrenia. She reported no signihcant side effects as a result of this treatment. For 2 days prior to admission to the hospital, Ms. Doe complained of a cold and was taking diphenhydramine Benadryl)... 

GI disturbances (including diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal bloating, flatulence, and anorexia) that are transient and resolve spontaneously during therapy. Rare(3%-1%)... 

Therapeutic response (relief of abdominal bloating and flatulence)... 

At the start of therapy watery diarrhea, nausea, abdominal bloating, flatulence, anorexia and dyspepsia are common, but they resolve mostly within a few weeks (15). Phenformin can cause hemorrhagic gastritis (96). 

The effects of unabsorbed substances in the gut lead to diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, abdominal bloating and gas. Other symptoms result from nutritional deficiencies. Patients often lose weight despite adequate food intake. Chronic diarrhoea is the most common symptom and is what usually prompts evaluation of the patient. Steatorrhoea (fatty stool), the hallmark of malabsorption, occurs when >7 g/day of fat is excreted, associated with foul-smelling, pale, bulky and greasy stools. 

Gastrointestinal Abdominal pain, nausea, abdominal bloating, abdominal cramps, flatulence, diarrhea, pseudomelanosis cob, cathartic colon... 

Katos, A.M., Conti, M.L., Moran, T.S., Gordon, R.K., Doctor, B.P., Sciuto, A.M., Nambiar, M.P. (2007). Abdominal bloating and irritable bowel syndrome like symptoms following microinstillation inhalation exposure to chemical warfare nerve agent VX in guinea pigs. Toxicol. Ind. Health 23 231-40. 

Acute watery diarrhoea in adults can usually be controlled by oral rehydration solutions and one of the antimotility drugs, although in mild cases the abdominal bloating produced by the latter may be less acceptable than the loose stools. While diarrhoea usually lasts only 2-3 days, this may stiU be socially inconvenient, and if s5rmptomatic remedies fail, an aminoquinolone, e.g. ciprofloxacin 500 mg b.d. will be effective. The use of antimicrobials for travellers diarrhoea continues to evoke controversy (see below) but most sufferers will appreciate the relief that even one or two tablets can bring. 

The subjective complaints of the patients are reflected in irritability, moodiness, fatigue, vegetative dysfunctions, epigastric discomfort and abdominal bloating. Such complaints, however, show no correlation with the intensity of hyperbilirubinaemia. It is still not clear whether these ailments can be regarded as concomitant symptoms (= epiphenomena) or as a sequela (= hypochondriac reaction) of jaundice. 

Abdominal discomfort is frequent with metformin (15-25%), and nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea occur even in the absence of lactic acidosis. Other effects include flatulence, abdominal bloating, anorexia, and a metallic taste. Anorexia and weight loss are often seen at the beginning of treatment. Phenformin can cause hemorrhagic gastritis (65). 

A 65 year-old woman who had taken piroxicam for the previous 3 years presented with frequent episodes of abdominal bloating and cramping, sometimes associated with nausea and vomiting, and loss of weight. Small bowel examination showed several mid-ileal strictures associated with proximal dilated bowel. 

Many of the somatic features of anorexia nervosa arise as a result of the severe weight loss following sustained calorie restriction. In addition to amenorrhoea, patients often complain of constipation, and abdominal bloating after food. This latter symptom further discourages eat-... 

Irritable-bowel syndrome (IBS) a common functional bowel disorder. Symptoms include abdominal bloating and pain in several abdominal areas. The cause is not known (see Chapter 14). 

Contraindications Damp spleen conditions chronic flatulence, low-grade diarrhea, abdominal bloating, borborygmus. 

For concomitant kidney yang vacuity with cockcrow diarrhea, lower abdominal bloating, and thirst, add Sclerotium Poriae Cocos Fu Ling), Rhizoma Alismatis (Ze Xie), Radix Dioscoreae Oppositae Shan Yao), and Semen Cuscutae (Tu Si Zi). 

For edema with abdominal bloating, extremely scant urination, and severe proteinuria, add or alternate with Li Zhong Tang, i.e., Radix Panacis Ginseng (Ren Shen), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Bai Zhu), dry... 

Edema, abdominal bloating, and blurred vision develop in many diabetic patients with severe hyperglycemia or ketoacidosis that is brought under control with insulin. The edema usually disappears spontaneously within several days to a week and is attributed primarily to renal retention of No. ... 

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