Bloating

A novel variation is a cyhndrical model equipped with a tube bundle to resemble a sheU-and-tube heat exchanger with a bloated shell [Chem. Proce.s.s., 20 (Nov. 15, 1968)]. Conical ends provide for redistribution of burden between passes. The improved heat-transfer performance is shown by Fig. 11-61. 

In sLipporLive Ireatmenl of non-innammalory disor-clcrii of the biie duel and in disorders of bile production gaslrointestinal troubles, such as bloating, flal-uicnce, and dyspepsia. 

For slomucli disorders, such as insufficient formation Troubles such as a feeling of being bloated, flatu-... 

The fluids have also found a number of uses in medicine. Barrier creams based on silicone fluids have been found to be particularly useful against the cutting oils in metal machinery processes which are common industrial irritants. The serious and often fatal frothy bloat suffered by ruminants can be countered by the use of small quantities of silicone fluid acting as an antifoam. 

Critics contend that the laboratories arc bureaucratically bloated and inefficient, citing numerous indepetideiit reports and audits over the last few decades warning that DOE ownership and operation does not work well. Bureaucracy has made it difficult for the laboratories to generate and carry out a viable mission. And following the Chinese spy scandal of 1999, the DOE has also been widely faulted for a failure to ensure the proper security at its weapons labs. 

Irritable bowel syndrome (DBS) is an exceedingly common condition in all societies, characterized by abdominal discomfort or pain in association with altered bowel habit or incomplete stool evacuation, bloating and constipation or diarrhoea, easily go undetected and do not show up with common tests such as blood tests or x-rays. The estimated prevalence in the community is about 10%. Irritable bowel syndrome and its variants, collectively called functional gastrointestinal disorders, constitute 40-50% of all the patients seen by gastroenterologists in Western countries. 

Gastrointestinal tract—nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, epigastric pain, indigestion, abdominal distress or discomfort, intestinal ulceration, stomatitis, jaundice, bloating, anorexia, and dry mouth... 

Report bloating, abdominal pain, flushing, breast tenderness, and pain at the injection site. 

Notify the primary health care provider if bloating, stomach or pelvic pain, jaundice, blurred vision, hot flashes, breast discomfort, headache, nausea, or vomiting occurs. 

Gastrointestinal upsets, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and bloating may also occur. Nausea usually decreases or subsides witiiin 1 to 2 months of... 

Recent scientific studies have clearly established the nutritional role of dietary fiber in several health conditions (Jalili et al., 2000), such as hypercholesterolemia (Topping et al., 1990), diabetes (Chandalia et al., 2000) and bowel function. It is also effective in preventing urinary stones (Ohkawa et al., 1984). The Food and Nutrition Board (Institute of Medicine Report, 2001) recommended a daily allowance for fiber of 25-30 g, though it is not an essential nutrient. Rice bran fiber offers a good source of non-bloating dietary fiber and is marketed as RiceMucil by NutraStar Company in the USA. 

The fiber of rice bran products, especially the RiceMucil is helpful in maintaining normal gastrointestinal and colon health (Tomlin and Read, 1988). It helps in bowel regularity. Patients with irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and colitis get excellent relief with RiceMucil . As has been mentioned in the earlier part of this chapter, the fiber of rice bran is non-bloating and lactose free, and the acidic environment the fiber creates during the fermentation of undigested food improves colon health and induces all the healthy enzymes and fnendly bacteria to proliferate (Folino et al, 1995 Life Sciences News Letter, 1999). It has been scientifically demonstrated to have an excellent nutritional support for gut and colon health. 

Symptoms of left-sided heart failure include dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND), whereas symptoms of right-sided heart failure include fluid retention, gastrointestinal bloating, and fatigue. 

Patients may complain of swelling of their feet and ankles, which can extend up to their calves or thighs. Abdominal congestion may cause a bloated feeling, abdominal pain, early satiety, nausea, anorexia, and constipation. Often patients may have difficulty fitting into their shoes or pants due to edema. 

Assess symptoms of HF such as dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, weight gain, and edema, and abdominal manifestations such as nausea, bloating, and loss of appetite. 

Cholestyramine 4 g packets 4-24 g/day in two or more divided doses Main side effects are nausea, constipation, bloating, and flatulence, although these may be less with... 

Colesevelam 625 mg tablets 3750-4375 mg/day as a single dose or divided twice daily, with meals colesevelam. Increasing fluid and dietary fiber intake may relieve constipation and bloating. Impair absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. 

Assess gastrointestinal symptoms. What is the quantity and quality of bowel movements Does the patient have bloating, flatulence, or abdominal pain ... 

Patients may also complain of heartburn, belching, bloating, nausea, or vomiting. 

Other complaints may include painful or difficult defecation, bloating, and absence of loose stools. 

Polyethylene glycol (PEG, MiraLax) is an osmotic laxative available only by prescription. It is useful in patients who are experiencing acute constipation and who have had inadequate response to more traditional agents. Principal adverse effects include upset stomach, bloating, cramping, and gas. 

Tegaserod maleate (Zelnorm) is a partial serotonin (5-HT4) receptor agonist that causes an increase in peristaltic activity and intestinal secretion and moderation of visceral sensitivity. It increases the frequency of bowel movements and reduces abdominal discomfort, bloating, and straining. It is indicated for the treatment of patients younger than 65 years of age who experience chronic idiopathic constipation. The most common adverse effects include headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea. 

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