Zinc Chloride Solution

The mixed amines are dissolved in hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride solution added. The quinoline chlorozincate, (C H7N)2,HtZnCl, crystallises out, being almost insoluble in water, while the aniline chlorozincate remains in solution. The quinoline chlorozincate is then filtered off and decomposed by alkalis, and the liberated quinoline extracted with ether or steam-distilled. 

Mix 1 g. of quinaldine and 1 g. of powdered />-dimethylaminobenzab dehyde, add 2 -3 drops of 10% etl nolic zinc chloride solution, and heat under reflux in an oil-bath at 150 for 1 hour. Cool the product in ice-water, and reciystallise it from ethanol. p-Dimethylaminostyryl-quinoline (I) separates as bright yellow crystals, m.p. 177-178°. 

Zinc cyanide. Solutions of the reactants are prepared by dis solving 100 g. of technical sodium cyanide (97-98 per cent. NaCN) in 125 ml. of water and 150 g. of anhydrous zinc chloride in the minimum volume of 50 per cent, alcohol (1). The sodium cyanide solution is added rapidly, with agitation, to the zinc chloride solution. The precipitated zinc cyanide is filtered off at the pump, drained well, washed with alcohol and then with ether. It is dried in a desiccator or in an air bath at 50°, and preserved in a tightly stoppered bottle. The yield is almost quantitative and the zinc cyanide has a purity of 95-98 per cent. (2). It has been stated that highly purified zinc cyanide does not react in the Adams modification of the Gattermann reaction (compare Section IV,12l). The product, prepared by the above method is, however, highly satisfactory. Commercial zinc cyanide may also be used. 

Nylon 6 and 6/6 possess the maximum stiffness, strength, and heat resistance of all the types of nylon. Type 6/6 has a higher melt temperature, whereas type 6 has a higher impact resistance and better processibility. At a sacrifice in stiffness and heat resistance, the higher analogs of nylon are useful primarily for improved chemical resistance in certain environments (acids, bases, and zinc chloride solutions) and for lower moisture absorption. 

The largest use of zinc chloride in the United States is in wood preservation, fluxes, and batteries (see Batteries). Zinc chloride solution dissolves vegetable fiber and is widely used in mercerizing cotton (qv), swelling fibers, as a mordant in dyeing, parchmentizing paper, etc (see Fibers, vegetable ... 

The removal of zinc chloride involves an extremely lengthy procedure. The plied sheets are passed through a series of progressively more dilute zinc chloride solutions and finally pure water in order to leach out the gelatinising agent. This may take several months. The sheets are then dried and consolidated under light pressure. 

Stock Solution 2 To 20 ml of an aqueous zinc chloride solution containing 1% zinc is added distilled water to a volume of 125 ml. 

If aqueous zinc chloride solution serves as electrolyte ("heavy-duty" types), the hydrate of a basic zinc chloride is formed instead of the product in Eq. (24) ... 

Since cupric ions are paramagnetic, it is possible by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) to obtain information on the status and the environment of the Cu ions adsorbed on uronic acids [4, 5]. Nitella cell walls with uronate charges compensated to 9 or 100% with copper in equilibrium with mixed copper and zinc chloride solutions had their EPR spectra recorded at two different temperatures, 93 and 293 °K (Fig. 3.a, b). 

Notes on the preparation of secondary alkylarylamines. The preparation of -propyl-, ijopropyl- and -butyl-anilines can be conveniently carried out by heating the alkyl bromide with an excess (2-5-4mols) of aniline for 6-12 hours. The tendency for the alkyl halide to yield the corresponding tertiary amine is thus repressed and the product consists almost entirely of the secondary amine and the excess of primary amine combined with the hydrogen bromide liberated in the reaction. The separation of the primary and secondary amines is easily accomplished by the addition of an excess of per cent, zinc chloride solution aniline and its homologues form sparingly soluble additive compounds of the type B ZnCl whereas the alkylanilines do not react with sine chloride in the presence of water. The excess of primary amine can be readily recovered by decomposing the zincichloride with sodium hydroxide solution followed by steam distillation or solvent extraction. The yield of secondary amine is about 70 per cent, of the theoretical. 

The two vertical lines in the line formula for each of the cells presented above indicate use of a salt bridge. The first of the two cells has on the left side a combination consisting of zinc and zinc chloride solution at a concentration c1 and on the right side a combination of... 

Two Cl ions give up one electron each and become a Cl2 molecule Figure 6.16 Electrolysis of zinc chloride solution using platinum electrodes. 

Figure 6.17 Production of an emf in a cell consisting of a zinc electrode and a chlorine electrode in zinc chloride solution.

Kim and Jorne [37] have used a rotating zinc hemisphere to study the kinetics of zinc dissolution and deposition reactions in concentrated zinc chloride solutions. The electrodeposition reaction of cadmium on mercury was used by Mortko and Cover [43] in their investigation of a rotating dropping mercury electrode their data behaved according to Eqs. (74)-(76). 

As the range of components available for use in the azoic dyeing process expanded, research was simultaneously targeted on improvements designed to make the process more attractive to the commercial dyer. The necessity for the dyer to diazotise the Fast Base was removed with the introduction of stabilised diazonium salts [111], known as Fast Salts. Stabilisation was achieved by a judicious selection of the counter-ion to the diazonium cation various anions have found use in commercial Fast Salts and some examples are listed in Table 4-4. Particularly effective is the diazonium tetrachlorozincate, which can be readily prepared by adding an excess of zinc chloride solution to a solution of the diazonium salt. The precipitated complex diazonium salt is usually admixed with an inert diluent, which enhances its stability, and in use the dyer only needs to dissolve the powder in water to prepare the necessary diazonium salt solution. 

The temperature of the liquid is now raised, first quickly to 70° and then slowly to 85° this causes precipitation of the dye. After a quarter of an hour the mixture is cooled to 50° precipitated inorganic material is dissolved by adding 15 c.c. of concentrated sulphuric acid and, when the mixture has been cooled completely, the crude dye is filtered as dry as possible at the pump. The product is at once dissolved in 200-300 c.c. of boiling water the solution is filtered and left to crystallise over night after 20 g. of concentrated zinc chloride solution (1 1) and 40 g. of finely powdered common salt have been added. The beautiful crystals, which have a red lustre,... 

Experiments—Pass hydrogen sulphide slowly into the most concentrated aqueous solution of Bindschedler s green obtainable, until after some time the colour has changed to yellowish-red. Now add dilute hydrochloric acid and the solution of 0-3 g. of sodium dichromate. Precipitate the methylene blue formed by adding zinc chloride solution. 

Zinc sulfate (solid precipitate) or a concentrated (about 250 g dm zinc chloride solution... 

Electrolytic reduction of an emulsion of the nitro compound in 1 M zinc chloride solution at high current density is another proposed method for conversion to the amine. Finely divided zinc is produced and this reduces the nitrocompound. Zinc ions also function as Lewis acid in the reduction of arylhydroxylamines [44]. 

Accidental installation in a human eye of one drop of a 50% zinc chloride solution caused immediate and severe pain, which persisted despite immediate irrigation with water. The corneal epithelium was burned, and corneal vascularization followed. After many weeks, areas of opacification and vascularization remained in the cornea. Zinc chloride has caused ulceration of the fingers, hands, and forearms of workers who used it as flux in soldering. ... 

Injection of zinc chloride solution into the testes of 49 Syrian hamsters resulted in areas of necrosis occupying about 25% of each testis two embryonal carcinomas of the testis were found 10 weeks later at necropsy/ There is no evidence that zinc compounds are carcinogenic after administration by any other route/... 

Separating a Mixture of Zinc and Iron Salts. Fill a column (see the preceding experiment) with Ky-2 resin in the hydrogen form . Prepare a mixture of 10 ml of a 0.25 M zinc chloride solution and... 

Preparation of Zinc Oxychloride. Mix 1 g of zinc oxide with a saturated zinc chloride solution containing 1.7 g of anhydrous zinc chloride in a porcelain bowl. Put the mixture onto the lid of a crucible and leave it there for several hours. What occurs Write the equation of the reaction. What is zinc oxychloride used for ... 

Lower the same copper wire for one minute into the mother liquor from which the zinc chloride crystallohydrate crystallized and repeat the above experiment. Did the wires become soldered in this case What underlies the use of a concentrated zinc chloride solution when metals are soldered What else can be used to purify a metal ... 

If cation-radicals are in fact formed, there should be the same number of anion-radicals as counterparts. This stoichiometry is not established. Neither anion-radical nor anionic propagation has been detected. Since anionic propagation would form homopoly AN, the total polymer was extracted with saturated zinc chloride solution. There was, however, no extractable fraction. 

Acrylonitrile is reported to react in a mixture of 60% aqueous zinc chloride solution (450 ml) and 36% aqueous hydrochloric add (50 ml) containing dissolved polycaprolactam to which f-butyl peracetate, dissolved in the above mentioned salt solution, was added (5). Thermal initiation is also reported in dimethyl formamide and m-cresol solution (<4). 

Zinc sulfide can also be prepared by the direct reaction of barium sulfide and zinc chloride solution ... 

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