World Health Organization monitoring

World Health Organization, Congenital Malformations Worldwide A Reportfrom the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems, Elsevier, Oxford, 1991, p. 113. 

In the recently released book on worldwide compliance issues (Adherence to Long-term Therapies, Evidence for Action),7 published by the World Health Organization, researchers indicate that the problem of noncompliance is worse in countries in the developing world than in countries in the industrialized world. Many parts of the United States have similar morbidity and mortality rates as countries in the Third World.8 Specific disease states may have significant additional noncompliance ramifications due to the development of drug-resistant strains of bacteria.9 Many times what is necessary is referral to specific clinicians for individualized treatment and monitoring to enhance compliance. The case histories provided in this text will allow you to follow what others have done in similar situations to optimally help patients succeed in improving compliance rates and subsequent positive health outcomes. 

World Health Organization Drug Dictionary. A creation of the Uppsala Monitoring Centre in Sweden designed to take international, proprietary, and nonproprietary or generic drug names and classify them into common preferred terms. 

In the early 1980s, the whole-body dosimeter (WBD) was introduced as a superior method for passive dermal dosimetry monitoring. A standard protocol was described by the World Health Organization (1982), and Abbott et al. (1987) described some additional options. Chester (1993) reported refinements that permitted exposure estimation by passive dermal dosimetry and biological monitoring simultaneously. 

Although the US is one of the few countries to have a formal system for monitoring adverse reactions from food additives as part of its regulatory structure, other countries also periodically review additives. In addition, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations and the World Health Organization (WHO) also monitors food additives. Since 1956, the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives has developed specifications for the purity of additives, evaluated toxicological data, and recommended safe levels of use. 

The World Health Organization (WHO) has a network of 110 centers worldwide that monitor influenza activity and ensure virus isolates and information are sent to the WHO for strain identification and action. Each... 

WHO. WHO assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination. A guide for programme managers. 2nd ed. Geneva (Switzerland) World Health Organization 2001. 

Behbehani, M. and Savioli, L. (1 998) Report of the WHO informal consultation on monitoring of drug efficacy in the control of schistosomiasis and intestinal nematodes. World Health Organization, Geneva. 

ElinderCG. 1987. Biological monitoring of metals. Copenhagen, Denmark World Health Organization. BIOSIS/88/17979, 114-117. 

The World Health Organization MONICA Project (monitoring trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease) a major international collaboration. WHO MONICA Project Principal Investigator, J Clin Epidemiol 1988 41 105-1 14,... 

This TTA is an injectable core medicine listed in the World Health Organization s (WHO) Model list of essential medicines [41], Atropine (Fig. 1) acts as a competitive MR antagonists used clinically as, e.g. parasympatholytic for pre-anaesthesia medication, ophthalmologic procedures and as antidote for the therapy of anticholinesterase poisoning [42,43], A corresponding PK study in man monitoring atropine as antidote by LC-MS/MS is referred in this chapter [44],... 

Harada K, Kondo F, Lawton L (1999) Laboratory analysis of cyanotoxins. In Chorus I, Barthram J (eds) Toxic cyanobacteria in water a guide to their public health consequences, monitoring and management. World Health Organization New York, NY, pp 368 105... 

Chorus I and Bartram J (eds) 1 999. Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water A Guide to their Public Health Consequences, Monitoring and Management. E FN Spon published on behalf of World Health Organization, London and New York, 416 pp. 

Zhao SZ, Reynolds MW, Lejkowith J, Whelton A, Arellano FM. A comparison of renal-related adverse drug reactions between rofecoxib and celecoxib, based on the World Health Organization/Uppsala Monitoring Centre safety database. Chn Ther 2001 23(9) 1478-91. 

Collet JP, MacDonald N, Cashman N, Pless R, Halperin S, Landry M, Palkonyay L, Duclos P, Mootrey G, Ward B, LeSaux N, Caserta V. Monitoring signals for vaccine safety the assessment of individnal adverse event reports by an expert advisory committee. Advisory Committee on Causality Assessment. Bnll World Health Organ 2000 78(2) 178-85. 

WHO. The importance of pharmacovigilance. Safety monitoring of medicinal products. Geneva World Health Organization, 2002. 

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