Wood products market

Rigid vinyl foams ia constmction markets have grown substantially due to improved techniques to manufacture articles with controlled densities and smooth outer surfaces. Wood mol ding substitute for door frames and other wood products is an area that has grown. Rigid vinyl foams are also used ia the manufacture of pipes and wines as resia extenders and ia sidings and wiadows as the replacement of wood or wood substitutes. 

Amino and Phenolic Resins. The largest use of formaldehyde is in the manufacture of urea—formaldehyde, phenol—formaldehyde, and melamine—formaldehyde resins, accounting for over one-half (51%) of the total demand (115). These resins find use as adhesives for binding wood products that comprise particle board, fiber board, and plywood. Plywood is the largest market for phenol—formaldehyde resins particle board is the largest for urea—formaldehyde resins. Under certain conditions, urea—formaldehyde resins may release formaldehyde that has been alleged to create health or environmental problems (see Amino RESINS AND PLASTICS). 

Phenolics. Phenol (qv) and the chlotinated phenoHcs formerly comprised the largest class of iadustrial antimicrobials (see Chlorophenols). Table 5 shows the remaining phenoHcs of importance. Use of pentachlorophenol has been severely restricted only one manufacturer suppHes product for the wood preservation market. 

The predominant use of arsenic ia the United States is ia the manufacture of chemicals. During the 1980s, the market for arsenic chemicals had shifted from cotton farming, where its use is now restricted because of environmental considerations, to wood (qv) preservatives for the protection of lumber and other wood products. Arsenic trioxide is the basic commodity of commerce from which a number of important chemicals are manufactured. 

In 1932, the first plywood hot press was installed in the United States. This marked the advent of the large market for phenolic wood adhesives [51]. By 1962, the volume of phenolic wood adhesives had reached about 33 kt (solids) in the U.S. Growth was accelerated in 1962 with the development of Southern pine plywood. By 1979, the consumption of phenolic plywood adhesives exceeded 220 kt or about 25% of phenolic resin production [51]. Phenolic adhesive demand for wood products took another jump in 1964 with the commencement of waferboard production. The first oriented strandboard (OSB) plants were built in 1981 [52]. OSB soon replaced most of the waferboard production and began a period of... 

Phenolic-neoprene contact cements are used for structural metal-metal bonding. especially where fatigue resistance and low temperature performance are important [209]. They are also used for bonding textiles, wood, rubbers, plastics, ceramics, and glass to metal and to one another. Solvent toxicity and flammability has greatly reduced the use of contact cements in the wood products industry. Water-based contact cements persist, but generally do not perform as well as the solvent systems, thus allowing market erosion by alternative binders. 

Before 1914, the US imported most metallic arsenic from Germany (e.g., Smith, 1945). From 1914 to about 1930, the bulk of the arsenic production in the US (marketed for commercial applications as As203, arsenic trioxide, or white arsenic) was derived as a metallurgical by-product of the smelting of copper, lead, and gold. Arsenic trioxide was used in the production of fertilizers, herbicides, and insecticides (Kirk-Othmer, 1992 Ullman s Encyclopedia, 1998), or if transformed to arsenic acid, used in the manufacture of CCA, a preservative of wood products (Mineral Commodity Summaries, 2004). Arsenic metal is also used for solders, ammunition, anti-friction additive to bearings, and in the computer and electronics industry for semiconductors (Mineral Commodity Summaries, 2004). 

If lumber were used to do to the same job as OSB, an excess of 8 billion more board feet of lumber would be needed annually, and this lumber would have to come from laiger, higher quality, more expensive trees. It is easy to understand why OSB is considered as the wood product of future in the construction business. Veneer lumber, parallel strand lumber, and laminated strand lumber are also rapidly moving into the market as engineered wood products.25,26... 

In view of these suggestions and examples, it is evident that the wood products industry retains its faith in natural adhesives and their capabilities even in this era of synthetics. It is likely that the industry will continue to turn to them without restraint as their price or performance dictates. The desire, of course, is to keep the various wood-bonding operations functioning as efficiently as free market conditions and competitive innovation will permit. 

These thoughts and suggestions are industrially oriented, to be sure. They arise from practical need and reflect concern for future adhesive supply. Collectively, the various forms of wood utilization represent an extremely large and diverse market for adhesives, probably the largest in the world today. Thus, industrial comments seem appropriate. Apart from identified needs, however, the wood products industry recognizes the value of research into the chemical structure and adhesive mechanisms of natural polymers unrelated to current problems. The next echelon of technical development can be expected to arise from this research. It is also acknowledged that certain of the adhesive performance characteristics requested cannot be accomplished with the current level of scientific information. Finally, it is the wood products industry s view that natural adhesives and resources will inevitably play an important part in its future. Thus, they represent a significant and potentially productive area for current adhesive research. 

The amounts of lignins, tannins, and carbohydrates available as residues from processing of forest trees dwarf the commodity adhesive market. At the same time, the forest products industry is especially reliant on adhesives, since over 70% of all wood products are bonded, and their production consumes about 45% of all phenolic and 85% of all urea-formaldehyde resins produced in the United States. 

Liquid Fuels 0-10 moderate to high Potential market 1 EJ. End use compatibility problems for MeOH upgrading difficulties for hydrogenated wood products. 

APA (2001) Performance Standards and qualification policy for structural-use panels. PRP-108. APA-The Engineered Wood Association, Tacoma, Washington APA (2004) Regional production and market outlook for structural panels and engineered wood products (2004-2009). APA-The Engineered Wood Association, Tacoma, Washington... 

Formaldehyde emission from particleboard has been studied at our laboratory for over 15 years. We search for an answer to the following question Given the fact that amino-resin bonded wood products have the ability to release formaldehyde into indoor air when they are in use, what simple and rapid analysis method can be used at the time of manufacture to predict formaldehyde release under use conditions as quantitatively as possible Obviously, the chosen method needs to be applicable for all types of boards that are available on the market. 

Toivonen, R and Laurila, R. Tree species information in marketing of solid wood products, in Proceedings of XI World Forestry Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 1997. 

In the future aminos are likely to grow slowly for some time. Since the overall volume is so strongly tied to the huge quantities of urea-formaldehyde used in wood products, the course of this business is crucial. As noted, toxicity of formaldehyde is a concern, and the ultimate resolution of this issue is uncertain. However, the economy of urea-formaldehyde for this application is proven, and it appears probable that Improved technology will sustain the use of these resins in this market. We may see modified resins but their elimination is unlikely. 

Until 2008, there was an explosive growth in wood and natural fiber composites in the United States. Because of the crisis in the building-products market, the demand for these composites dropped sharply. However, it is expected that economics, environmental concerns, and improved properties in the coming years will increase the demand for natural fiber composites. 

Michelman has expanded its Chemical Specialties team with the addition of three professionals with extensive experience in key markets. DAVE RUPP has been hired as the company s new regional business development manager for Chemical Specialties. He will focus on the western U.S., and have responsibility for growth and development of the company s additives for wood product applications. 

The wood panels industry heavily relies on the use of synthetic resins and adhesives, as adhesively bonded products of one kind or another constitute about 80% of the wood products on the market today. In short, without adhesives and resins this industry would not exist [1,2]. Among these products a certain proportion of wood panels are manufactured for exterior, weather resistant application. Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins, and more recently, phenol-urea-formaldehyde (PUF) resins [3-8] are the most commonly used resins among the leading adhesives for exterior grade wood panels. 

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