Virus cytopathogenicity

The thiazoloimidazopyridine derivatives 451 were tested for their effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced cytopathogenicity in a human T4-lymphocyte cell line and showed a reproducible anti-HIV activity that caused a 50% or greater reduction of viral cytophatic effect <1994FA345>. Finally, imidazo[2,1 -/dthiazolone 489 was found to have an antitumor activity and proved to be effective against brain tumor cell lines <2002JHC1133>. 

Klement, V., Rowe, W., Hartley, J. and Pugh, W. (1969) Mixed culture cytopathogenicity A new test for growth of murine leukemia viruses in tissue culture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA 63, 753-758. 

The activity of triazepines 220 and 221 against the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) multiplication in acutely infected cells has been studied on the basis of inhibition of virus-induced cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells. The triazepines 221 having a pyridine ring were found to be less potent than 220. The results of activity studies are given in Table 6. Nevirapine has been used as the reference <2000JHC1539>. 

Harvest the recombinant virus when full cytopathogenic effect (CPE) is observed in the culture by centrifuging the cell culture for 10 min at 2000 rpm (+800g). In general, CPE is already visible after 3 1 d full CPE takes approx 6 d. 

Dedera, D., Hu, W., Vander Heyden, N., et al. (1989). Viral protein R of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 is dispensable for replication and cytopathogenicity in lymphoid cells. J. Virol, 63, 3205-3208. 

Required to cause a microscopically detectable alteration of normal ceU morphology. Required to reduce virus-induced cytopathogenicity by 50%. 

Balzarini, J. Mitsuya, H. De Clercq, E. Broder, S. Aurintricarboxyhc acid and Evans Blue represent two different classes of anionic compounds which selectively inhibit the cytopathogenicity of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 111/lymphadenopathy-associated virus. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1986,136, 64-71. 

Dye uptake methods for assessing viral cytopathogenicity have been quantitated. An in vitro technique was developed for the detection of Mare s disease virus. 

In addition, the antiviral activity of several other kinds of natural products was also reported. Terpenoids caesahnin B and bonducellpin D from the seeds of traditional Chinese medicinal plant Caesalpinia minax exhibited inhibitory activities on the PI-3 virus in vitro by cytopathogenic effects (CPE) reduction assay (Jiang et al. 2002). Hippomanin A from Phyllanthus urinaria Linnea (Euphorbiaceae), which is a commonly used traditional medicinal plant in oriental countries, exhibited antiviral activity against HSV-2 but not HSV-1 infection (Fig. 3.7 Yang et al. 2007). 

MNTCs Maximum non-toxic concentrations CPE Cytopathogenic effect HSV-1 Herpes simplex virus Type-1 iPI-3 Parainfluenza-3 virus Max Maximum Min Minimum - Not done activity observed... 

Many other factors that determine viral cytopathogenicity can be used as probes for studying certain mechanisms by which viruses... 

In quite a different approach to the effect of viruses on cell membrane, Levanon et al. (1977) reported that adsorption of encephal-omyocarditis, Semliki Forest, and polyoma viruses to BHK-21 and mouse 3T3 cells resulted in a rapid increase in membrane fluidity as measured by depolarization of the fluorescent dye, diphenylhexa-triene. The degree of fluidity increase was virus dose dependent and could be reversed by low temperature or by blocking virus receptors on the host cell surface. These investigators suggest that an increase in membrane fluidity is an early event in viral cytopathogen-icity. 

---