Vine

W. J. Hehre, Practical Strategies for Electronic Structure Colculations Wavefunction, Ii-vine (1995). 

P. T. H. Unwin, Wine and the Vine,A.n Historical Geographj of Viticulture and the Wine Trade, Roudedge, Chapman Had, New York, 1991. 

The value of imports rose to record levels in 1986 due to a twofold increase in the price of pepper, the second highest imported spice in volume, averaging about 4.00/kg. The effect on import values was pronounced, ie, approximately one-third higher, than 1985 imports. The upward price trend on black pepper continued in 1987 because the vines had been exhausted and the volume was lower. 

Vanilla. Vanilla is the dried, cured, fuU-sized, but not fully ripe fmit pods (beans) of Vanillaplanifolia And. and V. tahitensis J. W. Moore (Orchidaceae). The vine is native to the tropical rain forests of southern Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and northern South America. Plantings were started in Madagascar, Reunion, Java, Mauritius, and Zanzibar in 1840. The Madagascar-type bean is stUl the most important, but Indonesia produces more than Malagasy. The stmcture of the flower prevents self-pollination and therefore, where insects are not prevalent, hand pollination is necessary. 

Dimethipin. 2,3-Dihydro-5,6-dimethyl-l,4-dithiin-l,l,4,4-tetraoxide [55290-64-7] (dimethipin, oxidimetbiin, UBI-N252, Harvard) (25) is used as a cotton defoHant and has been used as an experimental desiccant in potato vines. In addition, it defoHates nursery stock, grapes, dry beans, and natural mbber and is used as a desiccant for seed of canola, flax (l lnum usitatlssimum), rice, and sunflower (He/lanthus annuus) (10). The product has been available since the mid-1970s and the experimental work was first reported in 1974 (44). 

Ammonium sulfate is a good fertilizer for rice, citms, and vines, and can be especially useful for some sulfur-deficient or high pH soils. Nonfertilizer uses include food processing, fire control, tanning, and catde feed. 

Most of the surface sizes used in North America are modified styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymers. Commercially available materials include Scripset (Monsanto/Hercules Inc.), Cypres (Cytec), Sursize (Akzo Nobel), MSA (Morton), NovaCote (Georgia Pacific), and HTl (Hopton Technologies). Styrene acrylate emulsions that are commonly used include Jetsize and Unibond (Akzo Nobel), Basoplast (BASF), and Cypres (Cytec). Other materials used as surface sizes include acrylonitrile acrylate copolymer (Basoplast, BASF), stearylated melamine resin (Sequapel, Sequa), polyurethane (Graphsize, Vining Chemicals), and diisobutylene maleic anhydride copolymers (Baysynthol, Bayer). 

H. Kleinkanf and H. von Dithren, in L. C. Vining, ed.. Biochemistry and Genetic Regulation of Commercially Important Antibiotics, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1983, p. 95. 

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