Valves manifold flow control using

Connect a vacuum manifold to a vacuum source not to exceed 20 in Hg, and place a 1-L waste liquid trap between the manifold and the vacuum source. To use the manifold, remove the cover, and place a Luer hub solvent guide needle on the male Luer fitting of each flow control valve. Remove the collecting vessel rack, and replace the cover. Close all control valves on the manifold cover. 

Automatic systems based on FIA were also implemented for wine analysis. In a comprehensive review, Ferreira and coworkers [97] remarked that some systems had limitations as many of them were only tested with a particular wine type or demanded a previous treatment of the sample before injection. The lack of robustness of some manifold components (tubing of peristaltic pumps, some types of injection devices) was also thought to prevent the extensive use of FIA in industrial laboratories [98]. SIA has been proposed as a mechanically simple alternative to FIA [99]. As previously stated, SIA is based on the sequential aspiration of well-defined sample and reagent zones into a holding coil by means of a multiposition valve. The flow is then reversed and the stacked zones are mixed and propelled to the detector, where the reaction product is monitored. As already described for other beverage matrices (water, juices), the SIA of wine has been developed in recent years for the determination of more than 20 species and several aspects of these systems were reviewed by Segundo et al. [100] in a recent paper. The authors focused on the implementation of in-line treatment and the adaptation of system operation through software control to enable determination in different kind of wines. 

Valves (SOVs) (this assembly is referred to as the Redwood flow manifold). The composition of the reactor feed gas mixture is defined by setting the flow rates for each of the process gases using these dedicated mass flow controllers (MFCs). 

The complete fluid system is shown in Figure 7, where the solvents are contained in pressurized bottles and are selected by a rotary valve. The flow to the four-way manifold is controlled by a two-way ON/OFF valve or pinch clamp in silicone tubing. The use of a manifold enables solvents to be dehvered to four wells simultaneously. Alternatively, the solvents can be delivered by means of a multichannel pipette, operating with alternate channels delivering into four wells at a time. 

Brass fittings have been used very commonly in conjunction with copper pipe-work, as elbows, connectors and valves. Brass manifolds have also been used to distribute drinking water to a group of dwellings from a single mains connection. Water meters, pressure control, and flow control devices have historically also been commonly made from leaded brasses. In the US, there is a relatively small number of brass service lines reported, primarily in the northeast and midwest areas. They were apparently mostly installed in a block of time over the later 1920 s, though records are very poor about this. 

The completed test tank and VC lid were then integrated into the SMiRF facility, as shown in Figure 9.5. Shown in the figure is the FTS DPT panel, VC lid, VI piping, and back pressure (BP) flow control manifold. The LH2 outflow lines were routed out of the top of the test tank, through the VJ lines, through the top of the VC lid and out of the facility to vent. For flow control, isolation valves were used to select outflow from one of the four... 

Multiport This term refers to any valve or manifold of valves with more than one inlet or outlet. For throttling control, the three-way body is used for blending (two inlets, one outlet) or as a diverter (one inlet, two outlets). A three-way valve is most commonly a special globelike body with special trim that allows flow both over and under the plug. Two rotary valves and a pipe tee can also be used. Special three-, four-, and five-way ball valve designs are used for switching applications. 

Flow rates through the system were controlled by quartz capillaries connected in parallel and were measured with a gas buret connected to the capillary tips. Using this method, a wide range of flow rates at various system pressures were attained. To obtain a particular flow rate, all valves except Vj and V3 in the reactant addition system (see Figure 2) were closed and the appropriate combination of capillary tips (in the exit manifold) were valved online. 

Fig.4.7a-c a, b, schematic diagram of a dual column FI on-line preconcentiation manifold for flame AAS with parallel sample loading and sequential elution using two pumps, a, loading sequence b, elution sequence for column Ca. Pi, Pn, peristaltic pumps Sa, Sb, samples Ea, Eb eluent (2 M HNO3) Ra, Rb, ammonium acetate buffer, T, timer for pump control V, 8-channel multifunctional valve Ca> Cb columns packed with chelating ion-exchangers W, Wa, Wb, waste flows Wa same waste line as Wa and AAS, flame AA detector [12]. 

Liquid nitrogen is supplied to a manifold by a 4000-gal-capacity pressurized trailer at flow rates up to 150 gal/min. Valves on the liquid-nitrogen manifold distribute the flow to the panels and the manually controllable liquid-nitrogen flow rate is set to maintain a —320°F temperature for the nitrogen exhaust. Thermocouples in the exhaust passages of the cooled panels monitor the nitrogen exhaust temperature. A 4000-gal-capacity trailer, vented to the atmosphere, is used to catch the exhausted liquid-vapor mixture. 

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