Valve manifolds

Be aware that in some cases, you ll have to live with cavitation. Many pumps suffer cavitation for reasons of inadequate design, hor example, when operating only one pump in a parallel system, this pump tends to go into cavitation. Pumps that perform more than one dut through a valve manifold tend to suffer cavitation. Pumps that fill and drain tanks from the bottom tend to suffer cavitation. The last pump drawing on a suction header tends to cavitate. And of course vacuum pumps and pumps in a high suction lift arc candidates for cavitation. 

Mak has developed an improved method of relief valve manifold design. The APT has adopted this method, which starts at the flare tip (atmospheric pressure) and calculates backwards to the relief valves, thus avoiding the trial and error of other methods. This is especially helpful when a large number of relief valves may discharge simultaneously to the same manifold. 

Pipe/valve manifold 15, Water tower 24, Garrison... 

Figure 1. Key elements of the TAP reactor (A) and high pressure fixed bed reactor (B) experimental systems. The TAP reactor schematic shows the heated valve manifold and reactor with the elevated pressure attachment located in the main high vacuum chamber. The fixed bed reactor shows the feed system, liquid vaporizer, oxygen disperser, reactor, and waste recovery system.

A357 Cooling water manifoid outiet valve MANIFOLD V C 1 1 ryes (true) Or no (false)... 

The number of deluge valves manifolded together should be strictly limited to no more than three. 

Figure 2. Schematic of valve manifold assembly, microreactor, radiant heater, and high pressure assembly depicting vacuum and high pressure operation.

In the medical field, UV curable adhesives are used in fhe assembly of medical devices, such as syringes, valves, manifolds for filtering equipmenf, and arteriographs. In these applications, many dissimilar substrates, such as stainless steel, aluminum, glass, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), PVC, and other thermoplastics, are bonded. ... 

For compressible fluid flow in plant piping, one can use Mak s Isothermal flow chart (Figure 1). Mak s chart was provided originally for relief valve manifold design and adopted by API. The relief valve manifold design method, and its derivation, is discussed in Section 20, Safety. Mak s methods can be applied to other common plant compressible flow situations. 

A357 Cooling Water Manifold Outlet Valve MANIFOLD V c 1 1 yes(true) 0 no(false)... 

Figure 13. Solvent supply system showing selection valve manifold.

Figure 4.55. Two-valve manifold used for the two-step analysis of a mixture of free and EDTA-complexed copper(II) ions. P, peristaltic pump S and , sampling and eluting valves, respectively IE, cation-exchange column AA, atomic absorption spectrophotometer, (a) The sample is injected by valve S, Cu " is retained on the column, while [CuEDTAf" is transported to the detector where the corresponding peak is recorded, (b) Eluent (2 M HNO3) is injected by valve E Cu is desorbed from the column and the signal corresponding to Cu " is recorded.

The energy flowmeter was designed so that it could shift flow constrictors in the sample line. The ratio of the main flow to the sample flow was called the split of the flow separator. The capillary and valve manifold on the sample line allowed the split to be changed between four different values. This was done automatically in response to changes in the main line flow. The micro-computer of the Flow-Titrator selected the split as to keep the sample flow in the 2-4 scfh range which is the operating range of the combustion system of the Flow-Titrator. 

Figure 10 J Valve manifold with hygienic mix-proof valves used in a Cleaning-In-Place system.

The AMS 422 Figure 12) (54-56) is an automated Fmoc-based batch instrument for simultaneous construction of 48 different peptides at scales of 5-50 pmol. Solvents and reagents arc delivered by nitrogen pressure and removed by an aspiration system comptised of two stainless steel vessels separated by a solenoid valve and an all-Teflon membrane vacuum pump. The iastrument is based on an X-Y-Z robotics system for liquid handling and contains a multiple column reaction module. A valve manifold controls each... 

I. Lahdesmaki, P. Chocholous, A.D. Carroll, J. Anderson, PS. Rabinovitch, J. Ruzicka, Two-parameter monitoring in a lab-on-valve manifold, applied to intracellular H2O2 measurements. Analyst 134 (2009) 1498-1504. 

The layout of valve manifolds is another opportunity to exercise consistency of design. Layout A of Exhibit 1-7 uses an excessive number of fittings and indicates a lack of proper planning. With a little thought and extra effort, a less expensive and more practical design can be generated, as shown in layout B. Certain piping specifications may restrict the use of branch connections in lieu of reducers, but this option should be considered if at all possible. 

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