User satisfaction

Craig J, Russell C, Patterson V, Wootton R. User satisfaction with realtime teleneurology. 

Bertsche T, Hammerlein A, Schulz M. German national drug information service user satisfaction and potential positive patient outcomes. Pharm World Sci 2007. 

Figure 5.1 User satisfaction and use levels for a natural environment context...

Used any time in the design life cycle to obtain information on user satisfaction or workload. 

Eliminate user bias by employing objective measures of user satisfaction and workload. 

Usability is the characteristic of the user interface that establishes effectiveness, efficiency ease of user learning and user satisfaction [11]. Usability impacts not only safety but productivity, user fatigue, user take-up, customer acceptance and satisfaction. Poor usability of HIT is widely believed to have a substantial negative effect on clinical efficiency and data quality [12]. 

While the interface analysis techniques are used to assess the interface of a product or system in terms of usability, error, user-satisfaction and layont, the HMI encompasses displays, alarms and manual controls. Major aircraft mannfactnrers (such as Boeing and Airbus) often follow very different approaches to the very important aspect of HMI in their designs and crew interface during normal and emergency situations. Using accident case stndies, this Annex aims to elaborating on a few of these preferences and differences, with their advantages and limitations. 

In parallel with the continuous development of innovative robotic systems, in order to promote their use it is also crucial to provide an extensive evaluation of efficacy, safety, reliability, and users and families acceptance of the developed systems. The MUNDUS system was evaluated on six end users affected by neuromotor disorders (three spinal cord injuries, one multiple sclerosis, and two Friedreich s ataxia), and a high level of usability, user satisfaction, and motor performance were observed [125]. In the future, more trials conducted in natural environments are needed. Last but not least, to increase accessibility both investment and maintenance costs need to be reduced. 

User satisfaction is the key to any successful network implementation. To satisfy users, their needs must be first thoroughly understood. Beyond the obvious question of How many users must the network support are the more probing questions dealing with specific business activities of individual users. Do users process many short transactions throughout the day Do users require large file transfers at certain times of day Are there certain activities which absolutely must be done at certain times of day or within a certain amount of elapsed time These questions are important in order to establish the amount of network communication required by individual users. Required levels of security should also be addressed. Are payroll files going to be accessed via the network Who should have access to these files and what security measures will assure authorized access What is the overall technical ability of the users Will technical staff need to be hired Can support be obtained locally from an outside organization ... 

BS/EN/ISO 13407 1999 (Human-Centered Design Processes for Interactive Systems) also provides guidance on allocation of function. It cites the benefits of a high-level human factors approach as being not just about technical optimization but also increased productivity, enhanced quality of work, reductions in support and training costs, and improved user satisfaction. 

Stamelos et al. (Stamelos et al., 2002) used the Logiscope tool to calculate values of selected metrics in order to study the quality of open source code. Ten different metrics were used. The results enable evaluation of each function against four basic criteria testability, simplicity, readability and self-descriptiveness. While the GUI layer was not specifically targeted in the analysis, the results indicated a negative correlation between component size and user satisfaction with the software. 

Usability has been defined differently in several standards [1], [2], [3]. Each of these standards emphasizes somewhat different sets of usability factors, such as effectiveness, efficiency, learnability, or user satisfaction. Thus, a more comprehensive model of usability should include both process-related and product-related usability characteristics such as effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, security, and learnability. Moreover, Usability is a generally relative measure of whether a software product enables a particular set of users to achieve specified goals in a specified context of use [4]. 

Traditional video mediated collaboration studies have focused mostly on measures of task performance and user satisfaction. Recent studies in video mediated collaboration research report on measures of user s sense of presence when collaborating with others over a distance. One study [2] reports on the sense of physical presence a specialist doctor experiences when engaged in a remote consultation of a patient. The measure focuses on the extent to which users of video conferencing systems feel physically present in the remote location. Others studies [3, 4] report on the sense of social presence users experience when negotiating with remote partners using a video conference link. In these studies the presence measure focuses on the extent to which users feel connected with their remote partners. One important observation from those studies is the effort to go beyond traditional measures of time on task and task accuracy by attempting to qualify user s sense of presence. 

Making interaction more natural is one of the promises of multimodal interfaces. Research on evaluating multimodal interfaces dates back to the mid 1980s [5] and since then it is seen as a promising approach to improve desktop interaction techniques. Multimodal interaction techniques are considered as a potential way to increase communication bandwidth between users and systems and to enhance users satisfaction and comfort by providing a more natural way of interacting with computer systems [5], [6]. 

Both HCI [24] and SE [17] deal with usability as a non-functional requirement. Usability requirements specify user effectiveness, efficiency or satisfaction levels that the system should achieve. These specifications are then used by the usability people at the evaluation stage Task A should be performed by a novice user in less than X minutes , or End user satisfaction with the application should be higher than Z on a l-to-5 scale . Dealing with usability as a non-functional requirement is useful for evaluation purposes, but it is not appropriate for developing usable software. 

Generally by the very nature of their inductive development process, systems developed asing AI techniques tend to show excellent performance against the particular data model used during the problem definition activity. Moreover, this performance can often be achieved for the expenditure of very low levels of effort n compared with conventional software systems [4]. For example, some estimates have placed the cost of development of AI type systems at perhaps one tenth to one hundredth of that associated with conventional systems to achieve the same purpose, moreover the maintenance effort assodated with the deployment of AI technology can also be very low, indicating a considerable level of user satisfaction with such systems once deployed. Where there are significant safety risks associated... 

The CSUQ is a tool for measuring user satisfaction in using computerized systems (hardware and software). The tool was developed at IBM for internal use by Lewis and others [27] and later on become an acceptable tool academically. Usability questionnaires gather subjective and objective data in realistic scenarios-of-use. Subjective data, for example, are measures of participants opinions or attitudes concerning their perception of usability. Objective data are measures of participants performance, such as scenario completion time and successful scenario completion rate. The CSUQ consists of 19 items from four categories ... 

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