United States interruptions

The Bureau of Mines, within the Department of the Interior, funds a substantial amount of chemical engineering research in its in-house laboratories, particularly in the area of hydrometallrugical separation processes. The U.S. minerals industry is currently in a depressed state typified by diminished research efforts within industrial laboratories and, in some cases, wholesale termination of research operations. As a result, new researchers have bleak prospects for industrial employment. At the same time, the United States cannot afford to lose a professional generation of research persormel in an area that would be of critical importance if foreign supplies of certain metals were interrupted. 

Chemical and hydrocarbon plant losses resulting from fires and explosions are substantial, with yearly property losses in the United States estimated at almost 300 million (1997 dollars).1 Additional losses in life and business interruptions are also substantial. To prevent accidents resulting from fires and explosions, engineers must be familiar with... 

The most prominent wood adhesives used over the last quarter of a century have been aminoplast and polyphenolic types (2). In the United States, polyphenolic adhesives continue to be predominantly used for production of weather-resistant wood products, such as structural plywoods and flake boards (3). Phenolic resin prices have increased over the past decade, generally paralleling phenol prices. This increase has occurred in part due to a continuing erosion of United States phenol manufacturing capacity and the corresponding increase in availability of phenol from other countries. Any significant increase in the price of oil (the source of phenol) itself or interruption in supply will only compound the problem and raise phenol prices even higher. 

CPU. The central processing unit for the DARS is a Nova Model 1200 by Data General in the United States and Datagen in Canada. The Nova 1200 has a 16-bit word length and a cycle time of 1.2 microseconds. As many as 62 separate devices may be interfaced to the CPU. The basic system contains 4k (4096) words of memory which is expandable up to a maximum of 32k words. Included in the in-out system are facilities for hardware interrupts or a real-time priority basis. 

In such a manner did Claude S. Hudson embark upon his long career in the government service of the United States. This embraced ten years in the Bureau of Chemistry, five years at the National Bureau of Standards, and twenty-two years with the National Institutes of Health of the United States Public Health Service, from which he retired on January 31, 1951. The continuity of this long service was interrupted in 1911-1912, when Hudson served at Princeton University in place of Professor G. A. Hulett, then on leave of absence, and again, during a five-year period from 1919-1924, when he served as a private consultant in Trenton, New Jersey, and in the Hawaiian Islands. It was during the Princeton sojourn that Julian K. Dale met Dr. Hudson and began a Ph. D. disserta-... 

Vitamin D deficiency remains the most common cause of rickets and osteomalacia in the world, with the exception of the United States and the Scandinavian countries where most dairy products are supplemented with this vitamin. This deficiency can be caused either by dietary habits or by insufficient exposure to ultraviolet light. The same type of symptoms can be observed when there is interruption of the normal vitamin D metabolic pathways due to a number of liver and/or kidney diseases. In addition, a number of inherited factors can lead to different types of vitamin D resistance which require massive supplements of vitamin D and/or minerals. Extensive reviews have been published depicting both the clinical features and their most likely causes, as well as the possible treatments of the different types of clinical disorders resulting from vitamin D deficiencies [113-117], The newly defined role for l,25(OH)2D3 upon the hematopoietic system could also have clinical relevance in bone disorders such as osteoporosis where patients have been shown to possess abnormal T-cell subsets [118]. 

Oleovitamins Preparations using fish liver oil, fish liver oil diluted with an edible vegetable oil, or a solution of vitamin concentrate in fish liver oil or in an edible vegetable oil. Oleovitamins were created during World War II to fill a therapeutic gap created by the interruption in cod liver oil supplies. The class became official in the second supplement to the United States Pharmacopeia XI (1942) as a source of vitamins A and... 

My first independent research project involved a survey of oligotrich ciliates (protozoans) in the Gulf of Mexico. Just as I was becoming proficient with ciliate taxonomy and behavior I received a letter from the Selective Service Board—I was drafted into the United States Army. This interruption of my graduate studies turned out to be an opportunity to learn some parasitology and to travel the world at Uncle Sam s... 

A system for managing tick vectors of human Lyme disease is currently sold in the United States. Consisting of a plastic box that allows white-footed mice, hosts for the nymphal deer tick vector Ixodes scapularis), to enter and receive a swipe of a liquid fipronil formulation on their backs, this system significantly reduces the number of adult and larval ticks on the mice, the infection rate of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi) in the mice and the number of host-seeking nymphs on treated properties [137]. The system effectively interrupts the natural disease cycle and can lead to reduced numbers of human cases of Lyme disease when used properly. 

Before the normal growth rate of MWIs was seriously interrupted in the United States arotmd 1988-89 because of envirorunental concerns involving especially dioxin and furan emissions, a logistics ctrrve was ttsed to esti-... 

AFCIs are electrical safety devices designed to automatically stop the flow of electricity in an electrical circuit when the arc fault is detected within the circuit, to prevent fires from developing. Arc faults are considered one of the major causes of residential electrical fires that occur each year in the United States. Since 2008, new homes built in the United States are required to be provided with AFCIs. See also Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) Grounding. 

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