United States Consumer Product Safety

CPSC 1996a. CPSC finds lead poisoning hazard for young children in imported vinyl miniblinds. United States Consumer Product Safety Commission. http //www cpsc. gov/cpscDub/Drerel/Drhtml/96150.html... 

Residual acrylonitrile has been detected in a limited number of samples of commercial polymeric materials derived from acrylonitrile (United States Consumer Product Safety Commission, 1978) however, current processes for fibre and polymer production are believed to have reduced residual levels significantly (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1990). 

United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (1978) Assessment of Acrylonitrile Contained in Consumer Products, Final Report. Contract No. CPSC-C-77-0009, Task No. 1014K,... 

A5.2.2 An example of risk-based labelling used in the United States Consumer Product Safety... 

C.F.R. Part 1303. See also United States Consumer Product Safety Commission Staff Recommendations For Identifying And Controlling Lead Paint On Public Playground... 

United States Consumer Product Safety Commission... 

The extent of safety problems in the USA can be cmdely estimated by searching the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) web site http //search.cpsc.gov. A search for Battery Recalls gave a list of about 2134 recalls that spanned approximately the last 30 years. Search for Battery Failure gave about 580 results over approximately the last 10 years. Many of these recaUs and failures were due to control circuitry rather than the cells themselves. 

J. Elder and M. L. Ward, Response to Petition HP 99-1, Memo to United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), August 13, 2002. 

The popularity of botanical products in the United States is reflected in a survey on complementary and alternative medicine that showed that American consumers had spent an estimated 5.1 billion on botanical products in 1997 (1). In the same year, the global market for botanical medicinal products was estimated to be approximately 20 billion (2,3). It has been estimated that currently more than 1500 botanical products are available in the U.S. market alone (4). This popularity has been fueled, in part, by the perception that botanicals are naturally derived products, and hence are safe and devoid of adverse effects. This perception appeared to be justified by a paper summarizing the fatality of pharmaceutical drugs and botanical products in the 1981-1993 period, in which statistics compiled by the National Center for Health Statistics, the American Association of Poison Control Centers, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Journal of the American Medical Association, and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission showed an annual mortality rate of 100,000 deaths... 

Many United States consumers have embraced the use of dietary supplements as a "natural" approach to their health care. Unfortunately, misconceptions regarding safety and efficacy of the agents are common, and the fact that a substance can be called "natural" does not of course guarantee its safety. In fact, these products may be inherently inert, toxic, or may have been adulterated, misbranded, or contaminated either intentionally or unintentionally in a variety of ways. 

Recent surveys have shown that more than one-fourth (29%) of United States consumers rely primarily on themselves to ensure the food they eat is safe (1). Surprisingly, consumers reliance was higher on manufacturers than government, with scores of 23% and 20%, respectively this is a dramatic change compared to 1988, when three times as many consumers relied on the government as on industry. Therefore, continuous information to consumers, particularly by health authorities, on the purpose of various food animal production practices and each person s responsibility in ensuring food safety is essential to create an informed public and to contribute further to public confidence. 

The FDA made the possession, use, or sale of amyl nitrite without a prescription illegal in the United States in 1969. In 1988, the U.S. Consumer Products Safety... 

In the United States, organizations such as the US Consumer Product Safety Commission and the National Association of State Fire Marshals have been instrumental in promoting fire safety of plastics in these applications. In many cases, it is not required by law that flame-retardant polymers be used. Rather, the UL seal is necessary for acceptance by consumers that the products meet the necessary requirements of fire safety. 

The US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is an independent federal regulatory agency created by Congress in 1972. The agency s mission is to protect the public against unreasonable risks of injuries and deaths associated with consumer products. The CPSC has jurisdiction over 15 000 types of products used in and around the home, in schools, and in recreation. Products under the jurisdiction of CPSC include clothing, children s articles, household appliances, home furnishings, cleaners, and consumer fireworks. CPSC is directed by three Commissioners, each of whom is appointed by the President of the United States, with one of the Commissioners nominated by the President to the position of Chairman. 

A different result, however, was reached in United States v. Falcon Safety Products (D.N.J. January 27,1981). In that case, the District Court upheld the Commission s use of Section 27(e) to require a warning for all aerosolized consumer products containing chlorofluorocarbon propellants. The Commission s warning, which was similar to warnings adopted by the Food and Drug Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency for products within their jurisdictions, stated as follows ... 

Carbon monoxide, often referred to as the silent, deadly killer, is a colorless, odorless gas. The CO is the byproduct of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. When people are exposed to high concentrations of the gas, they suffer from decreased oxygen in the blood due to CO out-competing oxygen for hemoglobin. This causes side effects such as visual impairment, dizziness, and headaches. The American Red Cross (ARC) (2004) reports that several thousand people in the United States each year go to the hospital with CO poisoning. At very high levels it can result in death. The Consumer Product Safety Commission reports... 

In the United States, risk assessment was mainly directed toward the effect of phthalates when used in toys and care articles for children. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) convened a Chronic Hazard Advisory Panel (CHAP), as recommended by the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA). The CHAP report presented in July 2014 (CHAP, 2014) confirmed the permanent ban of the phthalates DBP, BBP, and DEHP for children s products. It also recommends that DIBP, DPENP, DHEXP and DCHP be permanently banned from use in children s toys and child care articles at levels greater than 0.1%. The interim ban for DINP (>0.1%) was made permanent. An interim ban is put on DIOP. The interim ban on DNOP and DIDP was lifted, however, and additional risk assessments were recommended. No action needs to be taken for DMP and DEP, but additional risk assessments are recommended. No recommendation has been made regarding DPHP due to the lack of information. 

In the United States, the implementation involves four federal agencies the Occupational and Safety Health Administration (OSHA), the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Transportation, and the Consumer Product Safety Commission, but the key agency affecting laboratories is OSHA. OSHA issued a notice of proposed rule-making in October 2009. 

Toys and furniture sold before 1976 may have been painted with lead-based paint. Stripping old furniture can create very high levels of lead dust. Imported toys are still occasionally identified and recalled by the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) because they contain dangerous levels of lead paint. Playground equipment may be painted with lead-based paint. Such equipment in a number of city parks around the United States has been recently found to present a hazard to young children. For information on product safety and recalls, contact the CPSC, listed in Appendix B under Product Safety. 

Fire in cotton mattresses and bedding causes a great many deaths. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) in the United States has introduced rules to improve fire safety by utilizing absorbed boric acid as a fire retardant for cotton mattresses. 

The CPSC uses a mixture of regulations and standards (including banning of certain characteristics, for example, small piece parts are banned from products for children younger than 3 years old), testing, and recalls to ensure safety of consumer products. The way the CPSC certifies children s products is illustrative of the approval process. The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 requires that almost all children s products sold in the United States, whether imported or produced domestically, must... 

In the United States the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) 16 CFR 1303 specifies that lead in coatings applied to toys shall not exceed 600 ppm (0.06%) of the dried paint film. 

The increased attention in recent years about fee safety and risks associated wife phthalate ester plasticizers can be attributed to fee restrictions initially imposed in Europe on the use of six phthalates in toys. Since this ban was temporarily placed in 1999, it has expanded to include several other countries and in 2008, it was applied towards toys and childcare articles sold in fee United States. Wife fee passage of fee US Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA), three plasticizers— DBP, DEHP, and BBP—were banned from all toys for cbildren up to age 12 and childcare articles for children up to age 3. Three other plasticizers, DINP, DIDP, and DnOP (a component of fee phthalate plasticizer blend 610P and not a commercial plasticizer) were given a temporary restriction pending scientific review for their use in childcare articles for children up to age 3 and for toys intended for fee mouth up to age 12. 

United States Congress (2008) Consumer product safety improvement act of 2008 http //www. 

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