Ultraviolet curable

Figure 7.1 HSG has pioneered the commercialization of ultraviolet-curable hybrid glass protective coatings. 

Ultraviolet-curable laminating adhesives use cationic chemistry and visible initiating systems to solve laminating problems with polyester films, which absorb most UV radiation.15... 

Ultraviolet-curable pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA) are based on two types of UV-curable materials ... 

It is used in the manufacture of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), in the manufacture of copolymers with, for example, aciv lic acid, acrylates, vinyl acetate and acrylonitrile and in the synthesis of phenolic resins. About 10-15% of the monomer is used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of PVP-iodine complex used as a disinfectant. It is also used as a reactive solvent of ultraviolet-curable resins for the production of printing inks and paints as paper and textile auxiliaries, and as an additive in the cosmetics industry (Harreus, 1993). 

Ultraviolet-Curable Silicones for Integrated-Circuit Protection... 

O. Hnojewyj and M. Murdoch, Ultraviolet Curable Materials for Military Electronic Applications, Paper presented at Third Annual U.S. Navy Best Practices Workshop, San Diego, CA, September 1989 (authors from Litton Industries, Applied Technology Division, Sunnyvale, CA). 

Polymers can also be used to manufacture lenses and screens for projection television systems. These are most conveniently made from PMMA, or combinations of glass and PMMA, to counteract the high thermal expansion of the polymer. The use of ultraviolet curable coatings for lens replication and protective layers is widespread, and these systems are based on diacrylate or dimethacrylate monomers mixed with photoinitiators such as... 

Choi SJ, Kim HN, Bae WG, Suh KY (2011) Modulus-and surface energy-tunable ultraviolet-curable polyurethane acrylate properties and applications. J Mater Chem 21 14325... 

N. Jiratumnukul and R. Intarat, Ultraviolet-curable epoxidized sunflower oU/ organoclay nanocomposite coatings ,/AppZ Polym Sci, 2008,110, 2164-7. 

D. C. Armbruster, "Advancements in Adhesion of Ultraviolet Curable Coatings," Technical Bulletin of Celanese Chemical Co., Dallas, Texas (January 1981). 

JUS Patent 6284185. Ultraviolet-curable adhesive composition for bonding opaque substrates (2001). 

US Patent 6326414. Ultraviolet-curable adhesive for bonding optical disks (2001). 

Ultraviolet curable humectants have been described that may reduce the drying time of a printed image in comparison to non-curable humectants. Examples of such materials are polyethylene glycol diacrylates or highly ethoxylated derivatives of trimethylol propane triacrylate and bisphenol A diacrylate, cf. Figure 3.9. These compounds are used in combination with common photopolymerization initiators. 

G. Nakhmanovich, I. Hidana, and M. Frenkel, Water-based inkjet inks containing an ultraviolet curable humectant, US Patent 6 846 851, January 25, 2005. 

Photoplas, Ultraviolet curable coatings. Red Spot Paint Varnish Co. 

Ultraviolet-curable inks and lacquers (acrylate-based) 0.01-0.1% pet. 

Bjorkner B (1984a) Sensitizing potential of urethane (meth)acry-lates in the guinea pig. Contact Dermatitis 11 115 Bjorkner B (1984b) Sensitizing capacity of ultraviolet curable acrylic compounds (thesis). University of Lund, Sweden Bjorkner B (1984c) Contact allergy to 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (2-HPMA) in an ultraviolet curable ink. Acta Derm Venereol 64 264... 

Bjorkner B (1984) Sensitizing capacity of ultraviolet curable acrylic compounds (doctoral dissertation). University of Lund, Sweden... 

No cases of ACD or ICD or contact urticaria due to vinyl ester resins have been reported in the reinforced-plastics industry. There are relatively few published reports on contact allergy due to these compounds, despite their wide use in ultraviolet curable acrylic compounds, UV curing inks (Nethercott et al. 1983) and in DCRs (Kanerva et al. 1986 Kanerva et al. 1989). 

Bannar-Martin BR, Rycroft RJG (1990) Nickel dermatitis from a powder paint. Contact Dermatitis 22 50 Bardazzi F, Misciali C, Borrello P, Capobianco C (1988) Contact dermatitis due to antioxidants. Contact Dermatitis 19 385-386 Bittersohl G, Heberer H (1978) Zur Toxicitat von aliphatischen Aminen. Z Gesamte Hyg 24 529-534 Bjorkner B (1984) Sensitizing capacity of ultraviolet curable acrylic compounds (thesis). University of Lund, Lund, pp 1-77... 

ITO electrode and then flattened by a polymer film. For phase-only modulation, homogeneous LC alignment should be used. Thus, the polymer surface and the bottom ITO glass substrate with a thin polyimide alignment layer are rubbed in anti-parallel directions. The cell gap is controlled at 18 pm by Mylar spacers and hermetically sealed using ultraviolet-curable glue. To achieve a fast response time, a dual-frequency liquid crystal (DFLC) is used. The physical properties of the DFLC mixture are summarized as follows crossover frequency /<, 5 kHz, An 0.285 (at X=633nmand T=22°C), and dielectric anisotropy Ae = 4.73 at/= 1 kHz, and Ae = -3.93 at 50 kHz. 

Other materials used for electron beam and ultraviolet curable wire coatings are mentioned in Ref. Many recent applications can be found in the patent literature. A few examples are given in Refs. 

FP is not currently in commercial use, although there have been several patents issued related to it. The first is for an In depth curing of resins induced by UV radiation, which used a combination of UV hght to start free-radical FP [63]. In 2001, Gregory patented Ultraviolet curable resin compositions having enhanced shadow cure properties in which the frontal curing of cycloaliphatic epoxides was achieved with a cationic photoinitiator in tandem with a peroxide [64]. Pojman was awarded two patents on functionally gradient materials prepared by FP [65, 66]. The maker of chemical anchors, Hilti, has two patents on FP but has not commercialized either of them [67, 68]. 

Gregory, S. (2001) Ultraviolet curable resin compositions having enhanced shadow cure properties. US Patent 6,245,827. 

Kim E, Stacey N, Smith B et al (2004) Vinyl ethers in ultraviolet curable formulations for step and flash imprint lithography. J Vac Sci Technol B Microelectron Nanometer Struct 22 131... 

Step 4 Screen panel with ultraviolet curable etch-resist ink. 

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