Ultrafast Chromatography

Sprayer interface (hence not compatible with ultrafast chromatography). The MUX technique was validated for rabbit, rat, mouse, and dog plasma, and the authors concluded that the technique is well-suited for simultaneous method validations and early discovery studies. 

In terms of mass spectrometry instrumentation, the currently available instruments such as time-of-flight (TOF) analyzers and hybrid quadrupole-TOF analyzers are able to acquire complete mass spectra at rates compatible with fast CE separations. As CE or ultrafast chromatography replaces conventional, slow HPEC applications, TOF-based mass spectrometers will be needed to replace the less efficient scanning types of instruments such as quadrupoles and ion traps for most high-throughput applications. FTICR mass spectrometry remains unsurpassed in terms of resolution and mass accuracy for both MS and MS-MS applications. However, the throughput of FTICR mass spectrometric... 

Stoll, D.R., Cohen, J.D., Carr, P.W. (2006). Fast, comprehensive online two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography through the use of high temperature ultrafast gradient elution reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 1122,... 

Volmer, D.A., Brombacher, S., Whitehead, B. (2002). Studies on azaspiracid biotoxins. I. Ultrafast high-resolution liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry separations using monolithic columns. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 16, 2298-2305. 

Fang, L. et al. 2002. High-temperature ultrafast liquid chromatography. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 16 1440. 

Chromatography is an equally reliable and relatively inexpensive technique for analysis of both volatiles (gas chromatography (GC)) and nonvolatiles (liquid chromatography (LC)). Although somewhat slower (2-3 min analysis time after each injection) the availability of ultrafast capillary GC and ultrafast HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) renders this technique equally competitive.(14) With... 

Cheng Y.F. Lu Z. Neuc U. Ultrafast liquid chromatography/ultraviolet and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric analysis. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2001, 15, 141-151. 

However, the user must be aware that there are three main drawbacks of using high temperatures in HPLC that must be overcome the stationary phase must be stable, the temperature of the eluent must match the temperature of the column, and the analytes must be thermally stable on the time scale of the chromatographic run. Recent publications cover these issues in high-temperature ultrafast liquid chromatography (HTUFLC) " and offer solutions that allow HTUFLC to be utilized. 

D. M. High-throughput cytochrome p450 inhibition assays by ultrafast gradient liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry using monolithic columns. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2003, 17, 509-518. 

Shou, W. Z. Chen, Y. L. Eerkes, A. Tang, Y. Q. Magis, L. et al. Ultrafast liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry bioanalysis of polar analytes using packed silica columns. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2002, 16, 1613-1621. 

Tiller, P. R. Romanyshyn, L. A. Implications of matrix effects in ultrafast gradient or fast isocratic liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry in drug discovery. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2002, 16, 92-98. 

Dunn-Meynell, K W. Wainhaus, S. Korfmacher, W. A. Optimizing an ultrafast generic high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for faster discovery pharmacokinetic sample throughput. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2005, 19, 2905-2910. 

Clarke, W. Chowdhuri, A. R. Hage, D. S. Analysis of Free Drug Fractions by Ultrafast Immunoaffinity Chromatography. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 2157-2164. 

Plasma and urine samples from atherosclerotic and control rats were comparatively analyzed by ultrafast liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap-time-of-flight (IT-TOF) MS (UFLC-IT/TOF-MS) (16). They identified 12 metabolites in rat plasma and 8 metabolites in rat urine as potential biomarkers. Concentrations of leucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, acetylcar-nitine, butyrylcamitine, propionylcamitine, and spermine in plasma and 3-0-methyl-dopa, ethyl /V2-acety I -1. -argininate, leucylproline, glucuronate, A(6)-(A-threonylcarbonyl)-adenosine, and methyl-hippuric acid in urine were decreased in atherosclerosis rats ursodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, LPC (06 0), LPC (08 0), and LPC (08 1) in plasma and hippuric acid in urine were increased in atherosclerosis rats. The altered metabolites demonstrated abnormal metabolism of phenylalanine, tryptophan, bile acids, and amino acids. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) plays an important role in inflammation and cell proliferation, which shows a relationship between LPC in the progress of atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases. 

Cheng, Y.-R Lu, Z. Neue, U. Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography/Ultraviolet and Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometric Analysis, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 15, 141-151 (2001). 

Thomeis, J. [Analysis of theophylline and its sodium (or potassium) anisates by ultrafast high-performance liquid chromatography in different pharmaceutical preparations]. J.Chromatogr., 1989, 479, 430-436... 

Stadermann M et al (2006) Ultrafast gas chromatography on single-wall carbon nanotube stationary phases in microfabricated channels. Anal Chem 78(16) 5639-5644... 

Fig. 4 The total ion chromatography (TIC) of the separation of a hyptic digest of chicken ovalhumin with a sample injection amount of 12 pmol corresponding to the original protein. Column length, 6 cm. Conditions 20 min, 0-40% acetonitrile gradient 1000 V apphed voltage with a 40-har supplementary pressure. Source From Open-tuhular capillary electrochromatography with an onhne Ion trap storage/reflectron time-of-flight mass detector for ultrafast peptide mixture analysis, in Anal. Chem.f with permission of the authors and the American Chemical Society.

Monolithic columns are applied in low- and medium-pressure ion chromatography, ultrafast ion chromatography, capillary chromatography, flow gradients, and double-gradient ion chromatography, and, also, multi-column/multidimensional ion chromatography. Monolithic columns are considered, by many, to be a... 

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